ObjectiveWe evaluated different dose effects of rIL-25 on acute ulcerative colitis.Materials and methodsMice were fed 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 5 days while infused i.p. with repeated doses of rIL-25 (0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 μg) in PBS or PBS only after every 24 h at the same time as the start of the DSS exposure. Clinical, macroscopical and microscopical assessment of colitis severity with survival study was performed. Colonic IL-25 expression and production of IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-4 was also analyzed.ResultsAt a dose of 0.2 μg, colitis was aggravated with high mortality, better improvements were observed at a dose of 0.4 μg, and colitis-induced diarrhea was reversed at a dose of 0.8 μg. The expression of IL-25 was found to decrease in severe colitis. Moreover, IL-25 inhibited production of mucosal IFN-γ, induced increase in IL-10 but not IL-4.ConclusionImprovements in DSS-induced colitis in response to IL-25 suggest IL-25's protective role by mechanisms including inhibition of IFN-γ with enhancement of anti-inflammatory release.