Biodegradable Zn-0.45Li alloys with high strength and ductility were successfully fabricated by hot extrusion and multi-pass drawing to obtain ultrafine-grained microstructures with a secondary phase of fine LiZn 4 participates. The mechanical properties, degradation behavior and cytocompatibility of the alloys were subsequently investigated. Results showed that grain refinement could be achieved in the alloys after hot extrusion and multi-pass drawing. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation to failure of the ultrafine-grained Zn-0.45Li alloys reached 416 MPa, 567 MPa and 55.4 %, respectively. Enhancements in both strength and elongation could be attributed to interactions between LiZn 4 and matrix dislocations, the pinning effect of LiZn 4 on grain boundaries, and grain refinement. Immersion tests and MTT cytotoxicity assay indicated that the Zn-0.45Li alloys have a corrosion rate and cytocompatibility similar to the values reported for biomedical implants.
The combustion system of biodiesel has complex dynamic characteristics. In this paper, the combustion characteristics and flame stability of gutter oil biodiesel in a biodiesel evaporation combustion system are studied based on chaos identification theory. It aims to analyze the chaotic behavior of OH radical intensity on different equivalence ratio of laminar flame using OH‐PLIF technology with a specific focus on the use of 0–1 test. The results of 0–1 test are compared with those of phase space reconstruction, largest Lyapunov exponent and Fourier spectrum algorithm. The results show that the 0–1 test can be used as an efficient and reliable tool to diagnose the non‐linear dynamic characteristics of biodiesel combustion, and the combustion stability of flame is proportional to the chaotic intensity range. This method has a certain guiding value for identify the optimal combustion state and the most stable flame under different equivalence ratio.
In this work, the empirical correlations for viscosity and temperature of biodiesel fuels have been optimized. In order to achieve this, an optimized empirical correlation is proposed and the predicted values are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data. The optimized empirical correlation has the advantages of small relative error, small error range and no obvious error fluctuations. On the basis of the proposed correlation, the concepts of viscosity gradient of biodiesels and critical preheating temperature of biodiesels are proposed in this paper. The viscosity gradient, the critical preheating temperature and the range of applications for three kinds of biodiesel fuels are obtained by analyzing their viscosity data.
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