The surgical block was sent to pathological exam, which showed it to be a mature sacrococcygeal teratoma. A good clinical evolution took place after resection.
-In this work, a simplified kick simulator is developed using the ANSYS ® CFX software in order to better understand the phenomena called kick. This simulator is based on the modeling of a petroleum well where a gas kick occurs. Dynamic behavior of some variables like pressure, viscosity, density and volume fraction of the fluid is analyzed in the final stretch of the modeled well. In the simulations nine different drilling fluids are used of two rheological categories, Ostwald de Waele, also known as Power-Law, and Bingham fluids, and the results are compared among them. In these comparisons what fluid allows faster or slower invasion of gas is analyzed, as well as how the gas spreads into the drilling fluid. The pressure behavior during the kick process is also compared t. It is observed that, for both fluids, the pressure behavior is similar to a conventional leak in a pipe.
The drilling of petroleum wells demand large investments and the use of highly skilled personnel in the operation to be viable economically. In extreme situations, drilling requires strict process control. One of the most important tasks in this process is controlling the pressure within the well to avoid the influx of formation fluids into the well, i.e. a kick. A kick consists of an unwanted formation fluid flow due to a pressure difference in the pit. To better understand this process, a simplified kick simulator using the ANSYS CFX software was developed and implemented to analyze the behavior of some variables inside the pit during the occurrence of a gas kick. In this model, the behavior of dynamic variables such as mud volume fraction, densities, and pressure of fluids inside the tube is evaluated during drilling using two types of drilling fluids and testing four different turbulence models: k-epsilon, RNG-k-epsilon, k-omega and SST. In these tests one can note that for both fluids analyzed, when using the SST model, there was a more rapid invasion of the gas. However, using the RNG k-epsilon model, a greater resistance to invasion was observed, and both fluids exhibited similar behavior when using the same turbulence model. One can also observe that the SST allows a greater pressure drop along the stretch of the well examined in the final moment of the simulation, while the RNG k-epsilon model is one that showed a lower pressure drop.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.