This paper describes the design and realization of a 5.6-GHz ultrawide-bandwidth-based position measurement system. The system was entirely made using off-the-shelf components and achieves centimeter-level accuracy in an indoor environment. It is based on asynchronous modulated pulse round-trip time measurements. Both system level and realization details are described along with experimental results including estimates of measurement uncertainties.Index Terms-Instrumentation and measurement, radio navigation, radio transceivers, signal processing algorithms, ultra wideband technology.

The inclusion of lumped elements, both linear and nonlinear, into the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm has been recently made possible by the introduction of the lumped-element FDTD method. Such a method, however, cannot efficiently and accurately account for two-terminal networks made of several lumped elements, arbitrarily connected together. This limitation can be removed as proposed in this paper by describing the network in terms of its impedance in the Laplace domain and by using appropriate digital signalprocessing methodologies to fit the resulting description to Yee's algorithm. The resulting difference equations allow an arbitrary two-terminal network to be inserted into one FDTD cell, preserving the full explicit nature of the conventional FDTD scheme and requiring a minimum number of additional storage variables. The new approach has been validated by comparison with the exact solution of a parallel-plate waveguide loaded with lumped networks in the transverse plane.

No Battery RequiredO ver the last decade, radio frequency identification (RFID) systems have been increasingly used for identification and object tracking due to their low-power, low-cost wireless features. In addition, the explosive demand for ubiquitous rugged low-power, compact wireless sensors for Internet-of-Things, ambient intelligence, and biomonitoring/quality-of-life application has sparked a plethora of research efforts to integrate sensors with an RFID-enabled platform. The rapid evolution of large-area electronics printing technologies (e.g., ink-jet printing and gravure printing) has enhanced the development of low-cost RFID-enabled sensors as well as accelerated their large-scale deployment. This article presents a

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Abstract-This paper proposes wearable electronic modules on textile, suitable for garment integration, based on antennas magnetically coupled to the active circuitry. The coupling mechanism is based on a heterogeneous transformer with the primary and secondary windings implemented in the antenna and in the circuitry substrate (hybrid or monolithic), respectively. The proposed coupling topology avoids galvanic contacts between the antenna and the active circuitry, allowing for interconnecting the antenna by a mere placing and gluing process. Bonding and soldering processes, often critical for textile materials are thus avoided. The proposed innovation, mitigating the industrial realization constraints posed by textile implementation of active antennas and RFID tags, should unsurprisingly enable and foster industrial developments of garment RFID, wearable electronics and body-centric communications systems. A patch antenna with transformer based on textile materials and operating in the frequency band 2.4-2.4835 GHz is designed, realized and measured.