More than 50% of all prostate cancer (PCa) patients are treated by radiotherapy (RT). Radioresistance and cancer recurrence are two consequences of the therapy and are related to dose heterogeneity and non-selectivity between normal and tumoral cells. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) could be used as potential radiosensitizers to overcome these therapeutic limitations of RT. This study assessed the biological interaction of different morphologies of AuNPs with ionizing radiation (IR) in PCa cells. To achieve that aim, three different amine-pegylated AuNPs were synthesized with distinct sizes and shapes (spherical, AuNPsp-PEG, star, AuNPst-PEG, and rods, AuNPr-PEG) and viability, injury and colony assays were used to analyze their biological effect on PCa cells (PC3, DU145, and LNCaP) when submitted to the accumulative fraction of RT. The combinatory effect of AuNPs with IR decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis compared to cells treated only with IR or untreated cells. Additionally, our results showed an increase in the sensitization enhancement ratio by cells treated with AuNPs and IR, and this effect is cell line dependent. Our findings support that the design of AuNPs modulated their cellular behavior and suggested that AuNPs could improve the RT efficacy in PCa cells.
Background: Treatment options for patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) after progression to standard therapy are limited. Trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102) is an orally administered cytotoxic agent approved for the treatment of patients with refractory mCRC. Patients treated with TAS-102 derived a significant benefit in OS compared with placebo as demonstrated in two phase III trials (RESOURCE and TERRA). However, real-world data on the effectiveness of TAS-102 are sparse.
Methods:The aim of this observational study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of TAS-102. We included 72 pts (47 men, 25 women) who began treatment with TAS-102 between May 1st, 2018 and Dec 31st, 2019 in the University Hospital Centre Zagreb. Eligible pts had metastatic disease and were in good general condition (ECOG 1). Forty-three started irinotecan-and 29 pts oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy (CT) with a biological agent added according to RAS status in 53 pts. TAS-102 was introduced after progression to two standard treatment lines. Outcomes were measured as PFS in the 3rd line and overall duration of therapy (DoT). To further assess the potential influence of other variables, correlation with Spearman's rank test was used.
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