This study aimed to evaluate lettuce production in different pot volumes and different irrigation frequency under saline stress. The experiment was carried out at the Department of Environmental and Technological Sciences of the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid, in Mossoró, RN, Brazil. Randomized block experimental design was used in factorial scheme of 2 × 3 × 3, with 3 replicates. Treatments were consisted of 2 water’s salinity levels (0.5 and 2.0 dS m-1), 3 frequencies of irrigation (6, 9, and 12 daily events), and 3 different pots (0.5, 1.0, and 3.0 L). Data from parameters evaluated at harvest were submitted to variance analysis and means were compared. We verified that when the lower saline water (0.5 dS m-1) was used lettuce production increased when cultivated in pots of 3.0 L and submitted to 6 daily events of irrigation. When 3.0 dS m-1 water was used the best results were obtained in 0.5 L and nine daily events of irrigation. The combination of 0.5 L pot and six or nine daily events of irrigation better inhibited the damaging effects of salinity.
RESUMO:O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a absorção de nutrientes pelo mamoeiro em função das épocas de cultivo. As plantas foram coletas em pomares comerciais localizados no município de Baraúna-RN. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC) com cinco tratamentos que corresponderam a dias após o transplantio (87, 145, 176, 236, 285 DAT) e quatro repetições. As variáveis avaliadas foram: fitomassa seca total da planta e do fruto, e absorção de nutrientes total da planta e frutos. Os frutos passaram a acumular maior quantidade de matéria seca a partir dos 200 dias, atingindo aos 236 dias 41% da fitomassa seca total da planta. O teor de potássio na planta ao final do ciclo foi cerca de quatro vezes superior ao conteúdo de nitrogênio, seguido do fósforo. PALAVAS-CHAVE:Carica papaya L; Macronutrientes; Composição mineral. ABSORPTION OF NUTRIENTS ACCORDING TO PAPAYA CULTIVATION STAGES SUMMARY:The objective of this work was to evaluate the nutrient absorption by papaya as a function of the growing seasons. The plants were collected in commercial orchards located in the municipality of Baraúna-RN. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with five treatments that corresponded to days after transplanting (87, 145, 176, 236, 285) and four replications. The evaluated variables were: total dry plant biomass of the plant and fruit, and total nutrient absorption of the plant and fruits. The fruits accumulated a greater amount of dry matter from the 200 days, reaching to 236 days 41% of the total dry plant biomass of the plant.The potassium content in the plant at the end of the cycle was about four times higher than the nitrogen content, followed by phosphorus.
RESUMO:A rúcula é uma cultura bastante cultivada em ambiente protegido, principalmente em sistema hidropônico, mais seu crescimento pode ser afetado pela salinidade da água utilizada. O objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar o efeito de salinidade na água de irrigação no cultivo de rúcula com diferentes soluções nutritivas adicionadas de KNO3 no cultivo semi-
Soybean stands out among the crops with the greatest application of transgenics, mainly for tolerance to herbicides, pests, and diseases; however, studies on salt stress in genetically modified plants are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the tolerance of both traditional and genetically modified soybean genotypes to saline stress during the germination and seedling phases. Seeds of 13 soybean genotypes were selected (five traditional (BRS Carnaúba, BRS Pérola, BRS Tracajá, BRS Sambaíba, and FTR-4389) and eight transgenic (BRS Sambaíba RR, BRS-333-RR, BRS-9820- RR, PAS-13565-74-RR, PAS-11711-007-RR, BRS-918-IPRO, AS-3810-IPRO, and M-8210-IPRO)), subjected to four osmotic potentials (0.0, 0.1, -0.2, and -0.3 MPa). The seed quality was evaluated using the following variables: the germination percentage, germination speed index, shoot length, root length, dry mass accumulation, and salinity tolerance index. All variables were found to be affected by salt stress. However, the conventional genotypes, BRS Carnaúba, BRS Pérola, BRS Tracajá, and BRS Sambaíba, and the RR group PAS-13565-74-RR, and PAS-11711-007-RR were tolerant to salinity, whereas the genotypes FTR-4389 (conventional) and BRS Sambaíba RR (RR) were less tolerant to salt stress, and all genotypes in the IPRO group were moderately tolerant to salt stress.
The quality of water used to prepare a nutritive solution is a fundamental factor for plants to express their maximum yield potential, however, due to an emerging water scarcity, the use of saline water is turning into a challenge for producers and scientists. The present study was developed to evaluate the effect of potassium nitrate in two arucula cultivars fertigated with saline nutritive solutions in semi-hydroponic system. It was used a randomized block design, in factorial scheme 2 × 4, with two arucula cultivars (Cultivada and Folha Larga) and four nutritive solutions [S1-standard nutritive solution; S2-standard nutritive solution + NaCl (7.5 dS m-1); S3-S2 + 50% of KNO3; S4-100% of KNO3], with three replicates, with each experimental unit represented by a gutter of 1.5 m filled with coconut-fiber based substrate and 30 plants per replicate. Plants were collected 40 days after planting and evaluated for following variables: height, amount of leaves, leaf area, above ground fresh matter, above ground dry matter, leaf succulence, percentage of dry matter, and specific leaf area. Cultivada is more productive than Folha Larga, but presented higher sensibility to salinity. Increase of salinity in the water for preparation of nutritive solution negatively affects arucula cultivars’ development in semi-hydroponic system. The use of potassium nitrate reduced the effects of salinity on the Folha Larga’s development, but did not inhibit negative effects of salinity in any cultivar. Growth of arucula, Folha Larga, using saline water in semi-hydroponic system is feasible with addition of 50% of KNO3.
Phosphorus is of fundamental importance for the energy supply necessary for plant metabolism, but it is still understudied for important agricultural crops such as cassava. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accumulation and efficiency of phosphorus use in different cassava cultivars in the semiarid region. Two experiments were carried out during two agricultural seasons 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 in Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in split plots, with four replicates. In the plots, five doses of phosphorus (P) (0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 kg ha-1 of P2O5) were applied in the planting furrow, and four cassava cultivars (Água Morna, BRS Gema de Ovo, Recife, and Venâncio) were cultivated in the subplots. The cultivars Água Morna and Recife export more phosphorus through their roots. The cultivars Venâncio and Água Morna show greater agronomic efficiency when fertilized with 60 kg ha-1 of P2O5. The apparent P recovery efficiency presented the following order: ‘BRS Gema de Ovo’ > ‘Água Morna’ > ‘Venâncio’ > ‘Recife’, with higher indices at the dose of 60 kg ha-1 of P2O5.
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