Introduction: Street sweepers play an important role in maintaining the health and hygiene in the communities. However, their job exposes them to various hazards while, little or no attention is paid to their health status. Aim of the work: To study the possible work-related morbidities among street sweepers and waste collectors emphasizing on the occupational risks they are exposed to and the preventive measures they take to avoid their job-related hazardous exposures. Materials and Methods: A total of 138 street sweepers and waste collectors and a matching control group of randomly selected 127 university workers and clerks were interviewed, answered the study questionnaire, and had medical examination, then they offered blood and stool samples for laboratory investigations. Results: Compared to the control group, street sweepers and waste collectors had significantly higher rates of HCV seropositivity, parasitic infestations, skin irritation, respiratory complaints and work-related injuries; but with significantly lower mean hemoglobin levels, (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was detected for HBV infection, eye complaints, joint or lower back pains. Most of street sweepers had never been medically examined, vaccinated, trained for safety practices or even health educated regarding their occupation-related health hazards. Conclusion: Street sweeping and waste collection

Introduction: Dentistry is a high risk profession for developing MSDs (musculoskeletal disorders) because of the high visual demands, prolonged static posture, repetitive motion, inadequate lighting and mental stress that result in prolonged and affixed as well as uncomfortable postures. Aim of Work: To study the occurrence of MSDs among dentists in comparison to physician at Minia University Hospitals. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 328 participants; 164 dental and 164 medical practitioners recruited, interviewed and examined during the period from February, 2015 to December, 2015. Every participant completed a questionnaire that included his socio-demographic data, full occupational history and lifestyle factors as well as information about any job-related MSDs. Describing and determining the site of pain was performed by using the Modified Standard Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), while the severity of pain was assessed by using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Results: However, both the dentist and physician groups were matched regarding their age and sex, MSDs were significantly higher among dentists (88.4%) than physician (58.5%), (p=0.001), (OR=5.4). Neck (63.4%), low back (54.3%), shoulder (53%), wrist (49.4%) and upper back (44.5%) were the most common MSDs among dentists. The most common factors that lead to the occurrence of MSDs were prolonged static posture, long duration of employment and increased work load and working hours. Conclusion: MSDs are much higher among dentists than physicians. Neck and low back are the most common sites of MSDs among dental personnel. MSDs risk factors include prolonged static posture, long duration of employment and increased work load and working hours.

Introduction: Nurses are the first and most available personnel throughout the hospital especially in stressful situations such as accidents, deaths, waiting to visit a physician or transfer of patients to a ward or another hospital. Therefore, they are exposed to more abuse, violence or aggressive behavior from patients or their companions besides the verbal and non verbal aggression they sometimes face from hospital staff. Previous studies showed variable violence rates, e.g., about a third of nurses are physically assaulted and injured, a quarter are sexually harassed and about two-thirds are nonphysically assaulted, with these rates varying by setting and world region. Aim of the work: To assess the magnitude of violence against nurses in Upper Egypt, with exploring the reporting, consequences and impact of these aggression incidents. Materials and Methods: Nurses working at different hospitals in Beni-suef hospitals, Egypt, were asked to fill out a self-administered questionnaire that inquired about their sociodemographics, frequency of exposure to violence incidents during working lifetime, and last year's external and internal aggression. Results: The response rate was 70%. Throughout their career, 92.8% of nurses reported that they were exposed to workplace violence. Verbal and psychological aggression incidents were the most common types of violence our nurses were exposed to. During the last year, 86.6% and 42.2% of nurses reported exposure to external and internal violence incidents, respectively.

Introduction: Burnout is an occupational physical, physiological and psychological stress reaction syndrome caused by chronic exposure to job-related stressors; and characterized by Emotional Exhaustions (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and a low sense of Personal Accomplishment (PA).Health-care providers (HCPs) are particularly vulnerable and prone to burnout syndrome (BOS). Aim of work: To estimate frequency and recognize risk indicators for BOS among HCPs in Minia city. Materials and methods: A total of 280 hospital workers from three different hospitals in Minia city completed a self-administered questionnaire that was used to measure BOS. Data was collected using Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Results: Health care providers reported high levels of EE (61.8%), high levels of DP (52.5%) and low levels of PA (45.7%). Surgical department's HCPs showed the highest score of burnout in EE level, however those in emergency department recorded the highest level in both (DP) and (PA). The 3 subscales were high among those with longer duration at work. Using logistic regression, the most significant predictors of EE were found to be gender followed by years of working, and smoking status. Factors associated with DP were years of working followed by age, hours of working shift, and with PA were age followed by sleeping time, and gender. Conclusion: Health care providers are highly vulnerable to each of the dimensions of Burnout syndrome -namely emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment-in the hospital work. Decreasing BOS by incorporation of mindfulness and teamwork into practice, decrease stress from electronic health records, promote physician control of the work environment, and to find balance in life.

Introduction: Rotating night shift work disrupts circadian rhythms and it has been associated with chronic conditions including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, metabolic syndrome and glucose dysregulation. Aim of work: the study aimed at determining the prevalence of glucose abnormalities among Abo-Korkas sugar factory workers and exploring the impact of rotating night shifts on glycemic state and control of diabetes. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study a total of 330 male workers at Abo-Korkas sugar factory were randomly selected to fill out an interview questionnaire, have medical examination and be tested for fasting and post-prandial blood glucose level; with assessment of HbA1c (Hemoglobin A1c test) for those who were diagnosed as diabetics. Results: Our findings showed that 61 (18.4%) workers were diabetics, 7 of them were newly diagnosed diabetics. The prevalence of diabetes was significantly higher (p= 0.01) among former (33.3%) and current (15.7%) night shift than day-time workers (14.4%). The crude Odds Ratio (OR) for developing diabetes mellitus among the current and former shift workers were 1.1 (0.56-2.18) and 2.9 (1.39-6.31), respectively. Moreover, shift working significantly affected diabetes control (p= 0.04) with an OR= 3.83 (1.02-14.34). Conclusion: Rotating shift work especially night shifts have negative effects on health. It was found to be associated with developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and it hindered diabetes control among night shift diabetic workers. Preventive programs should be implemented for high risk employees. Occupational health practitioners should be aware of such associations that will help them in prevention and management of diabetic employees.