Since the beginning of the 21st century, the European Union tourism policy has been increasingly focused on initiatives in the field of social tourism, which are one of the ways of achieving sustainable development in the European tourism economy. Most of the research projects that have so far been conducted in the field have focused on the benefits for its participants (subjective one: Children and youths, seniors, disabled people, people (families) with low incomes and/or unemployed, big families). However, there is a lack of research on the analysis of the place of social aspects of tourism in the general socio-economic policy of the state and, in a detailed aspect, in the sectoral policy represented by tourism policy, as well as its potential impact on the development of the national economy and meeting tourism needs of the society. The authors tried to fill this research gap in this study. The aim of the study is to differentiate the issues related to the social aspects of tourism policy from the entire socio-economic policy pursued in the European Union and selected member states (Poland and Slovakia). The article is of a theoretical–analytical–conceptual nature. Empirical research, due to the nature of its issues, was conducted with the use of qualitative research methods. The results of the conducted research showed that activities in the field of social tourism policy are conditioned by organizational solutions for the entities that undertake them, as well as economic ones, especially in the field of financing. Moreover, they made it possible to propose the concept of a model social tourism policy with an indication of its place in the European policy on the basis of the past and future EU financial perspectives.
Empirical data as well as scientific reports confirm that startups require diverse, in-house competencies in order to achieve market success. However, while technology-related competencies are usually brought to new tech ventures by their founders, there is a significant deficiency of market- and management-related competencies, which is reflected in the statistics of common startup failure reasons. In this context, a question arises: how interdisciplinarity of knowledge and competencies can be built into the very core of tech startups? The text addresses this question by zeroing in on the role of universities in this process. In the first part, the specificity of tech startups is analyzed. The next chapter overviews the hitherto academy-related startup education environment together with its shortcomings as far as interdisciplinarity is concerned. Finally, the case study of innovative and interdisciplinary academic ecosystem, which was built and tested within the project UniStartApp, is presented and discussed together with related lessons learned. The text is concluded with final remarks on challenges involved in embedding interdisciplinarity into startup education ecosystem.
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
Given the increasing importance of electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) in the global tourism market, the purpose of the study was to estimate weights customers assign to main attributes of tourist accommodations embodied in easily observed eWOM numerical ratings and subsequently to determine segments of customers with homogenous preferences. To this goal, the preferences tourists attach to price and seven other accommodation attributes rated by Internet users on Booking.com were revealed with the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Next, a two-stage clustering procedure based on these preferences was undertaken followed by profiling of the clusters in terms of their socio-demographics and travel characteristics. The results show that even if the ranking of the attributes is roughly the same for all the segments (with cleanliness, value for money, and location always in top four), all eight attributes effectively segment tourists into three clusters: “quality-seekers” (45% of the market), “bargain-seekers” (35%), and “cleanliness-seekers” (20%). The segments differ in terms of tourists’ income and expenditures, type of accommodation, actual payer for accommodation, and trip purpose. In contrast, socio-demographics, and most tourists stay variables are alike across the segments. The proposed method of benefit segmentation provides a new perspective for an exploitation of eWOM data by accommodation providers in their marketing strategy.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.