In the present study we investigated the effects of mixed imidazoline-1 and alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist, moxonidine, in glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in frontal cortical cell cultures of rat pups by dye exclusion test. Also, phosphorylated p38 mitogen activated protein kinases (p-p38 MAPK) levels were determined from rat frontal cortical tissue homogenates by two dimensional gel electrophoresis and semidry western blotting. Glutamate at a concentration of 10(-6) M was found neurotoxic when applied for 16 hr in cell cultures. Dead cell mean scores were 12.8 +/- 0.5 for control and 52.3 +/- 4.8 for glutamate (p < .001). On the other hand, p-p38 MAPK levels start to increase at a glutamate concentration of 10(-7) M for 20 min application. Moxonidine was found to have an U-shape neuroprotective effect in glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in neuronal cell culture experiments. Even though moxonidine did not induce neurotoxicity alone between the doses of 10(-8) to 10(-4) M concentrations in cell culture series, it caused the reduction of glutamate-induced dead cell population 23.07 +/- 3.6% in 10(-6) M and 26.7 +/- 2.1% in 10(-5) M concentrations (p <.001 for both, in respect to control values). The protective effect of moxonidine was confirmed in 10(-8) and 10(-7) M, but not in higher concentrations in glutamate neurotoxicity in gel electrophoresis and western blotting of p-p38 MAPK levels. In addition to other studies that revealed an antihypertensive feature of moxonidine, we demonstrated a possible partial neuroprotective role in lower doses for it in glutamate-mediated neurotoxicity model.
Aim: Nephrotoxicity is a major side effect of cisplatin (Cis), a widely used chemotherapeutic drug. Recent studies have strongly suggested that inflammatory mechanisms may play an important role in the pathogenesis of Cis nephrotoxicity. Rosiglitazone (Ros), a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist has been recently demonstrated to regulate inflammation by modulating the production of inflammatory mediators and adhesion molecules. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Ros on the prevention of Cis-induced nephrotoxicity. Methods: Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 150-200 g were included in the study. The rats were randomly divided into three groups: group 1: Cis-treated group; group 2: Cis-Ros-treated group; group 3: saline-treated group. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine concentrations were measured. In addition, extent of histological renal tubular injury in each animal was graded histologically. Results: Mean BUN and serum creatinine concentrations were significantly lower in group 3 than in group 1 (p < 0.05) and group 2 (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in terms of BUN and serum creatinine concentrations between groups 1 and 2 (p > 0.05). Acute tubular injury with karyomegalic changes in corticomedullary junction was significantly higher in groups 1 and 2 than group 3 (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between groups 1 and 2 (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study indicates that post-insult administration of Ros does not seem to have a beneficial effect on prevention and severity of nephrotoxicity induced by Cis.
Gebelikte parasetamol kullanımı yaygın kabul görmekte ve gebelikte analjezik ve ateş düşürücü tedavide oldukça sık kullanılmaktadır. Yıllardır yaygın kullanımına rağmen, gebelikteki kullanımının güvenliği pek çok araştırma ile değerlendirilmeye devam edilmektedir. Bu derlemede gebelikte parasetamol kullanımının sonuçları hakkında literatürdeki yeni deneysel ve klinik çalışmaların sonuçlarına dikkat çekilmek istenmektedir. Klinisyenler, gebelikte parasetamol kullanımının fetus gelişimi üzerinde olası istenmeyen etkilerinin farkında olmalıdırlar. Parasetamole alternatif olabilecek ilaçların da kendilerine has risk profilleri olduğu hatırlandığında, günümüzde gebelerde analjezik ve ateş düşürücü etkilerinden dolayı hala değerli ve en çok tercih edilen ilaç olmaya devam etmektedir.J. Exp. Clin. Med., 2012; 29:91-94 ABSTRACTParacetamol use in pregnancy is commonly recommended and is frequently used as an analgesic and antipyretic treatment. Although it has been in common use for decades, questions about its safety in pregnancy are still being evaluated in many research studies. The objective of this paper is to take attention to the results of new experimental and clinical studies on pregnancy outcome after paracetamol use in the literature. Collectively, the results points to a scenario that the use of paracetamol in pregnancy may have possible unwanted effects on the development of fetus that clinicians should be aware of. As a result, use of paracetamol as an analgesic and antipyretic drug during pregnancy appears to be still most-preferred and valuable choice when considering the risk profiles of its alternatives.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.