This study aims to (1) describe the position of Islamic Religious Education in the Indonesian National Education System, (2) reveal the condition of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) in North Minahasa, and (3) analyze the accessibility of IRE for Islamic students in non-Muslim elementary schools. A qualitative-descriptive method was used for this analysis, with primary data being obtained and identified through informants. Meanwhile, books, scientific journals, and other pieces of relevant literature were used as secondary data and analyzed inductively. The results showed that elementary schools did not pragmatically have Islamic Religious Education services although the rights of the Muslim students in obtaining them had been guaranteed by the Indonesian Government through the National Education System (NES) Law Number 20 of 2003. This led to the inaccessibility of the educational services, with the main factor being the insufficient number of Islamic students, as required by the NES. Despite the unfulfilled quota to obtain these services, government control as policymakers was still needed. This indicated that the ministry and the education office at the central and regional levels should have alternative solutions, respectively, without being negligent in resolving the problematic condition. Based on these results, the patterns by which the state failed in the equal availability and accessibility of religious education to Indonesian students were observed at all levels of state elementary schools under its regulation. These subsequently strengthened inequalities in this educational field while practicing religious discrimination based on accessibility. Additionally, the results suggest that the central and regional Indonesian governments, as well as other related agencies, need to be more proactive in providing religious education services to all institutional students. This leads to the availability of equality in obtaining education for all citizens, as mandated by law.
Humans are faced with some terrible natural disasters which endanger their lives and the biosphere. These are inseparable from human activities which lead to global warming. Therefore, it takes conscious effort to carry out environmental conservation and this would be more effective when carried out by all parties. Islamic education is one of the efforts aimed at conserving the environment owing to the fact it builds awareness on its importance and is a journey pioneered for the survival of the next generation. Education helps to understand various values and concepts needed to develop the attitudes and skills towards building mutual relations between humans, culture and the environment. Through education, humans form attitudes which help to have a concern for the environment.
This article aims to determine the enforcement of the MUI Fatwa Number 1 of 2003 concerning Copyrights for Muslim merchants selling pirated VCDs and DVDs in Market 45, Manado City. A qualitative method with observation, interview, and documentation techniques was used to analyze the data. Of the six Muslim traders interviewed, the results showed that the MUI fatwa enforcement was ineffective due to the lack of socialization and evaluation of merchants. Also, the merchants did not stop selling pirated products because they lacked religious understanding and awareness and lived below the poverty line. At the same time, the authors' economic rights become a barrier to the public in accessing the product because it is valued beyond the ability of consumers. This study suggests that the MUI ought to pay attention to the economic balance between the authors' economic rights and the public, such as merchants.
Child-Friendly Islamic Boarding Schools (CFIBS) have emerged as a forum for realizing Islamic education's humanistic goals, especially in educating and caring for students. Proper and correct education and upbringing dramatically determine the quality of individuals who are not only intellectually intelligent but also have noble attitudes and behaviour. This study aims to analyze the model of protecting children from violence carried out by the IMMIM Islamic Boarding School and the Nahdlatul 'Ulum Makassar Islamic Boarding School from the perspective of Islamic Education. Qualitative methods, field approaches were used, and data were obtained through comprehensive observation, in-depth interviews and supported by literature studies. Inductive data analysis techniques and source triangulation as data validity. The research results show that the two Islamic boarding schools have implemented a model of child protection in various ways, such as parenting and accompaniment (musyrif), curriculum and learning processes, facilities and infrastructure, public services, regulation, and problem-solving. Although implementing the Child-Friendly Islamic Boarding School program at the IMMIM and Nahdlatul 'Ulum Islamic Boarding Schools was successful, it needed to be more by the guidelines. This study contributes to developing a Child-Friendly Islamic Boarding School model.
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