Kerang Bulu (Anadara antiquata) merupakan salah satu makanan yang mengandung nutrisi tinggi seperti protein, lemak, vitamin dan mineral yang berpotensi memperbaiki serta meningkatkan kualitas spermatozoa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efek kerang bulu (A.antiquata) terhadap kuantitas dan kualitas spermatozoa Mus musculus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental murni dengan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial, faktor pertama kondisi kerang yakni mentah dan kukus, faktor kedua konsentrasi 0%(kontrol), 75% dan 100%. M. musculus yang digunakan sebanyak 25 ekor terdiri dari limAbstrakKerang bulu (Anadara antiquata) merupakan salah satu makanan yang mengandung nutrisi tinggi, seperti protein, lemak, vitamin, dan mineral, yang berpotensi memperbaiki serta meningkatkan kualitas spermatozoa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efek A. antiquata terhadap kuantitas dan kualitas spermatozoa Mus musculus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental murni dengan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah kondisi kerang, yakni mentah dan kukus, dan faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi 0 g/mL, 75 g/100 mL, dan 100 g/100 mL. M. musculus yang digunakan sebanyak 25 ekor, terdiri dari lima perlakuan dengan masing-masing lima kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah konsentrasi (kuantitas), motilitas, dan morfologi (kualitas) spermatozoa. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa A. antiquata berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsentrasi dan motilitas spermatozoa, sedangkan morfologi tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata. Kondisi kerang mentah dengan konsentrasi 100 g/100 mL memberikan efek rata-rata terendah terhadap konsentrasi dan motilitas spermatozoa, sementara kerang kukus dengan konsentrasi 75 g/100 mL meningkatkan rata-rata konsentrasi dan motilitas spermatozoa tertinggi. Penelitian ini memberi kesimpulan bahwa mengonsumsi kerang kukus lebih baik untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi dan motilitas spermatozoa dibandingkan dalam kondisi mentah. Peningkatan dosis kerang kukus tidak linier terhadap respon kuantitas dan kualitas spermatozoa.Kata kunci: Anadara antiquata; Konsentrasi spermatozoa; Motilitas; Morfologi; Mus musculusAbstract Shellfish (Anadara antiquata) was one of the foods that contained high nutrients such as protein, fat, vitamins, and minerals that had the potential to improve and increase the quality of sperm. The study aims to analyze the effect of the shellfish on the quantity and quality of Mus musculus sperm. This study was a purely experimental study with a completely randomized factorial pattern; the first factor was the condition of shellfish which was raw and steamed, and the second factor was concentrations of 0 g/mL, 75 g/100 mL and 100 g/100 mL. Twenty-five individuals of M. musculus were subject to five treatments, each with five replications. Parameters observed were concentration, motility, and morphology of sperm. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Duncan's advanced test. The results showed that shellfish had a significant effect on the concentration and motility of sperm, whereas there was no significant effect on morphology. The dose which gave the effect was 100 g/100 mL of raw shellfish and 75 g/100 mL of steamed shellfish. This study concluded that consuming steamed shellfish was better than raw for increasing the concentration and motility of sperm. The shellfish dose increased is not linear in response to the quantity and quality of sperm.a perlakuan masing-masing lima kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati jumlah (kuantitas), motilitas dan morfologi (kualitas) spermatozoa. Data dinalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-wallis dan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kerang bulu (A.antiquata ) pengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah dan motilitas spermatozoa sedangkan pada morfologi tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata. Kondisi kerang mentah dengan konsentrasi 100g/100 ml air memberikan efek rata-rata terendah terhadap jumlah dan motilitas spermatozoa, sementara kerang kukus dengan konsentrasi 75g/100 ml meningkatkan rata-rata jumlah dan motilitas spermatozoa tertinggi. Penelitian ini memberi kesimpulan mengkonsumsi kerang kukus lebih baik untuk meningkatkan jumlah dan motilitas spermatozoa dibanding dalam kondisi mentah. Peningkatan dosis tidak linier terhadap respon kuantitas dan kualitas spermatozoa.
This research aims to determine the effectiveness of using a local social organizations to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS on fishermen community in Jember. The method used in this study is action research. The research respondents consist of 40 members of Islamic study group, 38 members of gathering, 47 members of community were selected by purposive sampling. The research data were obtained through questionnaires, observation, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, while the analysis of the data using descriptive statistics. This research showed that local social organizations effectively used for the prevention of the spread of HIV/AIDS on fishermen community.
Oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus varieties Gray oyster is often consumed by the community because it tastes delicious and contains nutrients for health but utilization for medical treatment has not been studied. The aim of this research was to analyze antimicrobial potential compounds in P. ostreatus and to investigate the inhibitory effect on the growth of Staphyllococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This research was experimental type with treatment variation 0.1; 0.25; 0.5; 1; 1.5 and 2% of P. ostreatus extract, with 5 replicates. Antimicrobial potential compounds was analyzed by qualitative phytochemical test while antibacterial activity evaluated by calculating the inhibition zone diameter presented as the bright zone formed in the surroundings paper discs on bacterial cultures using solid medium. Phytochemical analysis obtained positive results for flavonoid, tannin and terpenoid compounds. The effect of mushroom extract on the bacterial growth inhibition were analyzed by One Way Anova test. The result showed that the inhibitory growth diameter for both bacteria was not significantly different. It meant that the difference in concentration variations of P. ostreatus extracts of 0.25 and 0.50 did not cause different inhibitory effects on S. aureus and P aeruginosa bacteria and 0.1% concentration was capable of causing inhibitory effect.
Vitamin C has been proved as a nutrient to improve the quality of sperm. Society believed that consuming the lemons could potentially enhance the sperm quality of humans. However, the appropriate concentration should be well studied to obtain the optimum concentration to improve the sperm quality and quantity. The present research tried to provide information on how lemon could improve the sperm quality by designing a true experimental using a series concentration of lemon extract (25%, 50% and 75 % concentrations) given to the male mice (Mus musculus). The investigation was made by giving the lemon treatment three times a day for 5 weeks. To investigate the effect of lemon extract, the mice sperm were taken from the epididymis and observed using a multimedia microscope and counted using Neubauer’s counting rooms, while motility and morphology were observed using object-glass. The result showed that the high concentration of lemon could not provide the greatest improvement of sperm quality and quantity. The optimum condition was seen in 25% of lemon extract, where the increase of lemon concentration suppressed the lemon improvement effect, which reduced the sperm quality and quantity. However, the improvement was still made if the result was compared to control, meaning consuming lemon was better than consuming any lemon treatment. The result was in accordance with quality improvement of sperm, where 25% of lemon concentration treatment provided the highest average motility and normal morphology of sperm. However, the high concentration of lemon extract (50% and 75% of lemon concentrations) provided a lower effect due to the adverse effect. The result proved that lemon could be used to boost the quality and quantity of sperm in an appropriate concentration where the excess lemon extract could reduce the effect of lemon in improving sperm quality and quantity.Abstrak: Vitamin C telah terbukti sebagai nutrisi untuk meningkatkan kualitas sperma dimana masyarakat percaya bahwa mengkonsumsi lemon berpotensi meningkatkan kualitas sperma manusia. Namun, konsentrasi yang tepat harus dipelajari dengan baik untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi yang optimal untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas sperma. Penelitian ini mencoba memberikan informasi bagaimana lemon dapat meningkatkan kualitas sperma dengan merancang eksperimen nyata menggunakan serangkaian konsentrasi ekstrak lemon (konsentrasi 25%, 50% dan 75%) yang diberikan kepada mencit jantan (Mus musculus). Penyelidikan dilakukan dengan memberikan ekstrak lemon sebanyak tiga kali dalam sehari selama 5 minggu. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak lemon, sperma mencit diambil dari epididimis dan diamati menggunakan mikroskop multimedia dan dihitung menggunakan kamar hitung Neubauer, sedangkan motilitas dan morfologi diamati menggunakan kaca objek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi lemon yang tinggi tidak dapat memberikan peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas sperma yang tertinggi. Kondisi optimum terlihat pada ekstrak lemon 25% dimana peningkatan konsentrasi lemon menekan efek perbaikan lemon yang menurunkan kualitas dan kuantitas sperma. Namun perbaikan tetap dilakukan jika hasilnya dibandingkan dengan kontrol, artinya mengkonsumsi lemon lebih baik daripada tanpa mengkonsumsi lemon. Hasil tersebut sesuai dengan peningkatan kualitas sperma dimana perlakuan konsentrasi lemon 25% memberikan rata-rata motilitas dan morfologi sperma yang normal paling tinggi. Namun, konsentrasi tinggi ekstrak lemon (50% dan 75% konsentrasi lemon) memberikan efek yang lebih rendah karena efek samping. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa lemon dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas sperma dalam konsentrasi yang sesuai dimana kelebihan ekstrak lemon dapat mengurangi efek lemon dalam meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas sperma.
The purpose of the study was to determine the antibacterial properties of mangrove leaves on Staphylococcus aureus, and to determine the optimal antibacterial concentration of mangrove leaf extract. This research is an experimental type of research using the Diffusion and Dilution test to determine the MIC and MBC extracts. The sample is pure culture of S. aureus. The concentrations of mangrove leaf extracts were 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 (%). The results of the data obtained were analyzed statistically using the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test. The results of this study showed a significant difference (95%) for the diameter of the clear zone of paper disk on the growth of S. aureus with a concentration of 0% (0.00 mm); 25% (11.04 mm); 50% (11.56 mm); 75% (12.95 mm); 100% (13.94 mm), where the higher the power the resulting resistor will widen. For MIC and KBM in the study using mangrove leaf extract, there were treatments with concentrations of 50, 75 and 100 (%).
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