Представлены результаты многолетней работы по изучению сформированного в природно-климатических условиях Амурской области специфического генофонда растений сои, адаптированных к местным условиям произрастания. Назначение коллекции – сохранение, пополнение и выделение источников отдельных или комплекса хозяйственно ценных признаков по разным направлениям селекции для использования в гибридизации. С участием образцов признаковой коллекции за 2009–2019 гг. создано 28 сортов сои, 18 из которых включены в Госреестр селекционных достижений для использования в производстве.
The article presents the results of a long-term work on study the specific gene pool of soybean plants, formed in the climatic conditions of the Amur Region and adapted to the local growing conditions. The purpose of the collection is to preserve, replenish and distinguish sources, which have separate or complex of economically valuable traits in different areas of selection for its applying in hybridization. 28 soybean varieties were created using samples of the feature collection of 2009–2019, 18 of them are included in the State Register of breeding achievements for use in production.
The article presents the results of 2018—2020 study of 22 early-maturing group soybeans samples of the collection nursery; those samples are of various ecological-geographical origin according to adaptability parameters, plasticity and stability in the conditions of the south of the Amur region, the analysis of yield variability was carried out. The research was carried out on the experimental field of the laboratory of selection and genetics of soybeans FSBSI FSC All-Russian Scientific and Recearch Center of soybean, Sadovoye village, Tambov region. The average varietal soybean seeds yield in the years of research amounted to 2.37 t/ha. Based on the results of agro-ecological assessment of 22 soybean samples, adaptive, plastic and stable samples have been identified, which have an insignificant variation indicator in yield: Heihe 25 (V=3.23%; Ка=1.14; bi=1.00; Si2=0.03), Hei 06–1625 (V=4.69%; Ка=1.06; bi=1.29; Si2=0.01), Hei 05–1031 (V=3.74%; Ка=1.03; bi=1.60; Si2=0.01) and McCall (V=2.34%; Ка=1.06; bi=1.03; Si2=0.01). These genotypes are of practical interest as initial parent forms in selection for adaptability in conditions of the Amur region.
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