The actual direction of scientific research in the field of risk management, today, is the formation of an effective strategy for managing the risks of economic activity, taking into account the peculiarities of the activity of the enterprise of the cluster structure in modern economic conditions, characterized by the variability of the economic environment and pronounced crisis phenomena. This article proposes and tests the tools for the formation of an adaptive risk management strategy for enterprises that are part of cluster structures, based on the provisions of game theory.
The study systematizes approaches to the concept of digital economy and presents an analysis of the key indicators of digitalization development in the countries worldwide. The pace of economy digitalization in the world community is compared based on the increase of expenditures for ICT accompanied by mass digitalization. The level of expenditures for ICT in the Russian Federation has been estimated, and a positive trend in increasing its share in the GDP has been shown. The main effects of economy digitalization are identified and classified depending on the combination of various conditions prevailing in modern society. The main directions that determine the successful development of the digital economy are proposed.
The effectiveness of the unification of enterprises in the cluster is also associated with high uncertainty and risks. Thus, the development of theoretical approaches and methodological instruments for efficient risk management of enterprises under the conditions of cluster association is an urgent scientific task. The methodology of a comprehensive risk assessment of the cluster enterprise is based on the use of the approach for building a functional-target model of a cluster enterprise, and is reduced to the search for a response to the question: can an event change the value of a providing indicator in such a way that this will lead to a deterioration in the resulting indicator in each enterprise subsystem? Based on the results of forecasting external risks, it was established that the group of state and global risks, in particular, political, territorial and financial, is characterized by significant threats for the next 5 years for the studied cluster enterprises. We proposed and tested a methodology for a comprehensive assessment of the risks of cluster enterprises, based on a functional-target approach, according to which a cluster enterprise as a socio-economic system is considered as a set of three basic subsystems: management, production and financial and economic.
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