Introduction. Diethyl disulfide belongs to the group of dialkyl disulfides, is a part of disulfide oil and a mixture of dialkyl disulfides. As a result of industrial purification of hydrocarbon raw materials from mercaptans, tens of thousands of tons of dialkyldisulfides and their mixtures are accumulated annually, the toxicity and danger of which have not been fully studied. No hygiene standards have been developed for diethyl disulfide. Materials and methods. Studies of the effects of diethyl disulfide were carried out in non-linear animals (rats and mice). The toxic properties of diethyl disulfide were studied under the conditions of single and repeated exposure to the intragastric, intraperitoneal, inhalation and cutaneous routes of entry into the body. Results. Based on the studies carried out, the toxicometric parameters of diethyl disulfide were established. Average lethal dose with intragastric administration LD50 = 1575 mg/kg, average lethal concentration CL50 = 18700 mg/m3, coefficient of possible inhalation poisoning CPIP = 1.3, limit of acute inhalation action (Limac) is set at 120 mg/m3, acute zone Zac = 156, cumulation coefficient was 3.2. Diethyl disulfide does not have a skin-resorptive toxic effect, but it has a moderately pronounced irritating effect on the mucous membrane of the eyes. Limitations of the study. The results of the diethyl disulfide exposure assessment are given for two animal species and four main routes of entry. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate that diethyl disulfide is a moderately hazardous substance with a single intragastric, inhalation and cutaneous route of entry into the body. The cumulative properties of diethyl disulfide are moderately expressed. Based on the analysis of literature data, the results of experimental studies and mathematical forecasting, a value of 4.0 mg/m3 is recommended as an approximate safe level of exposure in the air of the working area, in the atmospheric air of urban and rural settlements - 0.04 mg/m3.
Introduction. Carrying out studies of the toxicity of combustion products (HCL50) of polymer materials: epoxy glue grade EK-5T and compound ELPLAST-180 ID according to GOST with the additional use of gas chromatography with mass selective detection. Objective. Experimental study of the toxicity of combustion products (HCL50) of polymer materials in various modes of thermal oxidative degradation: epoxy glue grade EK-5T and compound ELPLAST-180 ID, as well as a survey mass spectrometric analysis of products of thermal oxidative degradation. Material and methods. The studies were carried out in accordance with GOST 12.1.044-89. Equipment: “Toxicity” unit, “Infracar M2.01” gas analyzer, Focus GC chromato-mass-spectrometric instrumental complex with DSQ II mass spectrometer (Thermo Scientific, USA), Nova Medical Stat Profile automatic analyzer of blood gases, electrolytes and oximetry Model CCX (USA). Blood sampling was carried out in capillaries “Stat Profile Critical Care Express Capillary Tube 230 µL with Na Heparin” LOT 107669, CO2 chamber. Results. In the course of studying the products of outgassing of polymer materials using an exposure chamber and a gas chromatomass spectrometer, a significant increase in toxicity (4.8 times) of a mixture of chemicals released from epoxy glue EK-5T during the transition from thermal-oxidative decomposition (smoldering) to flame combustion was established. The toxicity index of the combustion products of the ELPLAST-180 ID compound under the same conditions increases by 1.8 times. A linear dependence of the percentage of lethality of laboratory animals on the integral indicator of the toxicity of combustion products has been established. Limitations. Studies of the toxicity of combustion products were carried out on non-metallic materials: epoxy glue EK-5T, compound ELPLAST-180 ID. These materials are planned to be used in hermetically sealed objects of the Navy. Conclusion. The expediency of using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for assessing the combined effect of combustion products is shown.
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