ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to assess the hardness, mineral content, surface roughness, and micromorphology of sound and slightly demineralized enamels, before and after bleaching procedure using 10% carbamide peroxide.MethodsSixty bovine dental blocks were randomly divided into the following two groups: 30 slabs were submitted to three cycles of pH and 30 slabs were noncycled. Hardness (n=10) was measured using the microhardness tester with Knoop indenter under a 50 g load for 5 seconds. The calcium/phosphate (Ca/P) ratio (n=10) was obtained using a micro-energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (μ-EDXRF) spectrometer. The measurement of roughness average (n=10) was performed using a surface roughness tester. Specimens were bleached 6 hours/day during 21 days, and then, physicochemical properties were re-evaluated. Two additional specimens were carried out to evaluate surface micromorphology using the scanning electron microscopy. Data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α=0.05).ResultsSound and slightly demineralized enamels showed no difference in Ca/P ratio after dental bleaching according to the μ-EDXRF analysis, but the Ca/P ratio decreased after bleaching for slightly demineralized enamel. Bleaching treatment decreased the hardness and increased the surface roughness, causing micromorphology alterations.ConclusionTherefore, bleaching procedure promoted change in bovine enamel surface and increased the demineralization of slightly demineralized enamel but not affected the mineral content of sound enamel.
Purpose: Symmetry is one of the factors that contributes to facial harmony, and in oral rehabilitation it determines the success of esthetic treatment. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze the axial symmetry between the bipupillar midline and maxillary central incisors midline of 102 dental students (both genders) distributed across five Brazilian dental schools. Materials and Methods:Students with no teeth missing and who had never been subjected to any dental treatment were selected. Photographs were taken with a Dental Eye III camera with a 100-mm macro objective and ratio of 1 : 10 from natural size, recorded on an Ektachrome ASA/ ISO 100 film. The images were developed and applied to Microsoft Office Power Point 2007 software. The results were analyzed by analysis of variance and Student's t-test (a = 0.05).
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