RESUMOEste estudo teve como objetivo ajustar modelos de crescimento ao acúmulo de matéria seca da parte aérea da cana-de-açúcar durante o período de formação da cultura, para as cultivares RB92579, RB867515, RB928064 e RB855453. Dados de matéria seca foram obtidos durante a execução de experimento em condições de campo entre 26/08/11 e 18/05/12. Os dados experimentais foram coletados a partir dos 45 dias após o plantio, em intervalos de uma ou duas semanas, totalizando 17 datas de amostragem. Os valores obtidos foram submetidos à análise de regressão não linear para determinação dos parâmetros dos modelos expolinear, logístico e Gompertz. Todos os modelos avaliados foram capazes de simular adequadamente o acúmulo de matéria seca pelas cultivares ao longo do período estudado, com valores de coeficiente de determinação ajustados (R 2 aj ) acima de 0,9245. Com base no modelo de crescimento expolinear, constatouse que, ao final do período experimental, a massa seca foi ligeiramente maior para a cultivar RB855453 em comparação à RB867515, as quais se destacaram em relação às cultivares RB928064 e RB92579. Palavras-chave: Saccharum officinarum, modelos de crescimento, análise de crescimentoModeling of growth of sugarcane cultivars during the crop formation period ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to adjust growth models to the above-ground accumulated sugarcane dry matter, during the crop formation period, for cultivars RB92579, RB867515, RB928064 and RB855453. Dry matter data were obtained during the execution of experiment under field conditions from October 26, 2011 to May 18, 2012. Experimental data were collected from 45 days after planting, in one or two week time intervals, totalizing 17 sampling dates. The obtained values were subjected to nonlinear regression analysis in order to determine the parameters of the expolinear, logistic and Gompertz models. All evaluated models were capable of adequately simulating the dry matter accumulation by the cultivars during the studied period, with values of the adjusted determination coefficient above 0.9245. Based on the expolinear growth model, it was observed, at the end of the experimental period, that the accumulated dry mass was stightly superior for the cultivar RB855453 as compared to the RB867515, which outperformed the cultivars RB928064 and RB92579.
Cattle ranching accounts for 44% of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the land use sector in Brazil. In response, Brazil has proposed a massive pasture restoration program that aspires to make ranching more competitive while at the same time reducing associated GHG emissions. Pasture restoration, however, is only one of several intensification options that could be employed to achieve these goals. Here we analyze potential production, economic return and GHG emissions from an intensification strategy based mainly on pasture restoration and compare its productive, economic and GHG emissions performances with intensification options more focused on supplemental feeding (grain-feed supplementation of grazing animals and animal finishing in feedlots). To this end, we developed a multi-sectoral, deterministic simulation model of the ranching system and applied it to Mato Grosso state, the largest producer and earliest adopter of intensive production. To account for GHG emissions, we performed a life cycle analysis of a complete beef production cycle. Our results show that an intensification strategy focused more heavily on pasture restoration does reduce GHG emissions but produces the least favorable economic and GHG emissions outcomes when compared with a range of supplemental feeding alternatives. In view of these results, Brazil should seek a more diversified strategies for cattle intensification in its climate mitigation policy.
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar o efeito de diferentes níveis de estresse hídrico no crescimento das cultivares RB92579, RB855453, RB867515 e RB928064, utilizando um sistema automático de controle dos eventos de fertirrigação, durante o período de formação da cana-de- -açúcar. No período experimental, as plantas foram submetidas a períodos alternados de estresse e de reposição hídrica, por meio de fertirrigações periódicas, cujos limites do potencial matricial de água (Y) foram aqui denominados, para propósitos comparativos, como ausência de estresse, estresse leve, moderado e severo, respectivamente, para os valores críticos de Y de −10, −60, −90 e −120 kPa. Para avaliação do efeito do estresse hídrico no crescimento da cana-de-açúcar, foi utilizado o modelo sigmoidal com três parâmetros, tendo graus-dia acumulados como variável independente, o qual demonstrou excelente ajuste aos dados de estatura dos colmos (R2aj > 0,95). Na ausência de estresse hídrico, os valores máximos da taxa de elongação dos colmos (TEC) estiveram compreendidos entre 0,23 e 0,26 cm°Cd-1, independentemente da cultivar. Por outro lado, sob estresse severo, os valores máximos da TEC estiveram entre 0,07 e 0,09 cm°Cd-1, também independentemente da cultivar avaliada.
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