SummaryBackground: The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in the elderly is high. Most are asymptomatic and the sensitivity of the physical exam is low. In Brazil, little is known in regard to PAD risk factors in the elderly.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Reiki therapy on postoperative pain in bitches undergoing elective minimally invasive ovariohysterectomy (OVH). Thirty bitches were randomly assigned to three groups: Control, Placebo, or Reiki. All dogs received methadone as preanesthetic medication (PAM), meloxicam in the preoperative period, propofol for anesthetic induction, and isoflurane for anesthetic maintenance. Immediately after OVH, the dogs in the Reiki were submitted to a single session of Reiki therapy, dogs in the Placebo received simulated Reiki therapy from a non-therapist, and dogs in the Control received no treatment. All dogs were evaluated for pain using short-form Glasgow composite measure pain scale (CMPS-SF) and visual analog scale (VAS) before (M0) and 2 (M2), 4 (M4), 8 (M8), 12 (M12), and 24 hours (M24) after administration of PAM. Comparing the CMPS-SF scores between the groups, at M2 Reiki scores were lower than those of the Placebo and at M4 those in the Reiki were lower than those of the Control or Placebo groups. Comparing the VAS scores, at M4 and M8, Reiki scores were lower than those of the Control or Placebo groups. Additional analgesia (morphine 0.2 mg.kg-1 intramuscularly) was administered to three bitches in Control and to four bitches of the Placebo. Reiki did not require additional opioid analgesia in the postoperative period. It was concluded that Reiki therapy provided analgesic effect and contributed to improve postoperative comfort of bitches submitted to elective OVH.
Background: Mammary neoplasms are frequent in dogs, and surgical excision by radical unilateral mastectomy is the first-choice treatment for most cases. Typically, inguinal lymphadenectomy is performed during mammary inguinal excision, whereas axillar lymphadenectomy is performed using dyes to guide surgical dissection and avoid iatrogenic trauma. This study reports the case of a bitch that underwent axillar lymphadenectomy and regional mastectomy. In this way, this work has the objective of reporting the case of a bitch referred to mastectomy and lymphadenectomy, which presented complications due to the use of 1% methylene blue. Case: A 15-year-old female intact poodle weighing 6.2 kg presented with mammary nodules. Cytological examination confirmed malignant neoplasm in the mammary gland classified as Grade II (World Health Organization). Radical unilateral mastectomy and regional lymphadenectomy were performed. The surgical procedure involved intradermic injection of 0.5 mL of sterile 1% methylene blue solution around the right cranial thoracic mammary gland divided in four sites before skin incision. Following right axillar lymphadenectomy, instead of radical unilateral mastectomy, regional mastectomy was performed in two ulcerated nodules at the right cranial abdominal gland to shorten the surgery time after the bitch demonstrated severe trans-operative hypotension. The bitch was monitored during anesthetic recovery and was discharged after stabilization. At fourteen days after surgery, the patient was re-examined. Increased volume and pain in the mammary glands of both chains were observed. In addition, a whitish liquid secretion was noted primarily from the thoracic caudal left and thoracic cranial right mammary glands. The last mammary gland also presented a periareolar black area where the dye was applied. Progressive remission of the clinical signs was observed after therapy with amoxicillin and clavulanate (20 mg/kg/BID/15 days) and meloxicam (0.1 mg/kg/SID/3 days). At 60 days after surgery, the patient presented minor signs of mastitis at the left caudal thoracic mammary gland. Discussion: In humans, methylene blue is avoided because of rapid diffusion after injection, which could be associated with mastitis due to fat necrosis. The risk of this complication is reduced when tissue ipsilateral to the dyed lymph node is completely excised. In this case, the ipsilateral lymph node chain was not completed excised because of anesthetic complication, and periareolar necrosis was observed at the methylene blue injection site. This complication may be the result of methylene blue oxidation, which can produce formaldehyde and deamidated oxidation products. Methylene blue leads to vasoconstriction of arterioles and tissue ischemia when used in concentrated solutions. Furthermore, a 1% solution has a pH of 3-4.5, which increases its cytotoxic effect. Studies suggest that mammary neoplasms may promote local lymphatic alteration, as observed in this case, including inflammatory response at the contralateral chain ...
Resumo: O projeto de extensão Serviço de Anestesiologia Animal é uma ação contínua vinculada às atividades desenvolvidas na Superintendência Unidade Hospitalar Veterinária Universitária da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Campus Realeza – PR. Entre seus objetivos está o auxílio à realização de procedimentos ambulatoriais e cirúrgicos, proporcionar terapia e controle da dor em diferentes espécies, estimular o envolvimento acadêmico à vivência das técnicas e protocolos anestésicos. Desde a sua criação em 2014, foram realizados mais de 1.160 procedimentos anestésicos divididos em 77,5% procedimentos em caninos, 18,9% em felinos, 1,9% em silvestres, 0,9% em aves e 0,8% em animais de produção. O número de procedimentos anestésicos realizados desde a implantação, bem como o trabalho desempenhado no projeto de anestesiologia animal, evidenciam a necessidade de manutenção e ampliação de projetos similares. Além de proporcionar o crescimento acadêmico e a vivência profissional, o projeto atua efetivamente no bem-estar dos animais e no auxílio à comunidade externa, principalmente a população carente do município e região. Palavras-chave: Anestesia; Bem-estar Animal; Extensão Universitária; Medicina Veterinária Extension project of Animal Anesthesiology Service at the Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, campus Realeza PR: evolution from 2014 to 2017 Abstract: The extension Project Animal Anesthesiology Service is an ongoing action linked to the activities developed at the Superintendência Unidade Hospitalar Veterinária Universitária da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Campus Realeza - PR. Among its objectives is the assistance to the accomplishment of ambulatory and surgical procedures, to provide therapy and control of pain in different species, and to stimulate the academic involvement to the experience of the techniques and anesthetic protocols. Since its creation in 2014, more than 1,160 anesthetic procedures have been performed, divided into 77.5% procedures in canines, 18.9% in felines, 1.9% in wild animals, 0.9% in birds and 0.8% in animals of production. The number of anesthetic procedures performed since the implantation, as well as the work performed in the animal anesthesiology project, evidences the need for maintenance and expansion of similar projects. In addition to providing academic growth and professional experience, the project works effectively on animal welfare and assistance to the outside community, especially the needy population of the municipality and region. Keywords: Anesthesia; Animal welfare; University extension; Veterinary medicine Proyecto de extensión Servicio de Anestesiología Animal en la Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, campus Realeza PR: evolución de 2014 a 2017 Resumen: El proyecto de extensión del Servicio de Anestesiología Animal es una acción continua vinculada a las actividades desarrolladas en la Superintendência Unidade Hospitalar Veterinária Universitária da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Campus Realeza, Paraná, Brasil. Sus objetivos incluyen ayudar a realizar procedimientos ambulatorios y quirúrgicos, proporcionar terapia y control del dolor en diferentes especies, estimular la participación académica en la experiencia de las técnicas y protocolos anestésicos. Desde su inicio en 2014, se han realizado más de 1,160 procedimientos anestésicos, divididos en 77,5% de procedimientos caninos, 18,9% de felinos, 1,9% de animales salvajes, 0,9% de aves de corral y 0,8%. Animales de producción. El número de procedimientos anestésicos realizados desde la implantación, así como el trabajo realizado en el proyecto de anestesiología animal, evidencia la necesidad de mantenimiento y expansión de proyectos similares. Además de proporcionar crecimiento académico y experiencia profesional, el proyecto trabaja efectivamente en el bienestar animal y la asistencia a la comunidad externa, especialmente a la población necesitada del municipio y la región. Palabras-clave: Anestesia; Bienestar animal; Extensión universitaria; Medicina veterinaria
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