The global meat market and primarily the chicken meat market represents a very dynamically developing area. The objective of the present article is the analysis of the chicken meat market in the world in order to identify the basic development trends associated with the development of production of and trade in chicken meat, and also in order to identify the individual entities controlling the global chicken meat market. In methodological terms, the article analyzes the development of production of, consumption of and trade (export and import) in chicken meat in the years 1961–2009. The main sources of data necessary for the processing of the individual analyses are the FAOSTAT and UN COMTRADE databases. The results of the conducted analysis show the following findings. World production of poultry meat increased from 7.5 million tons to more than 86 million tons. The global market reacted in a flexible manner, in which there was an increase in volumes of executed trade from 271 thousand tons/year in the year 1961 to more than 10.7 million tons/year in the year 2010. Further, the value of world trade in chicken meat within the analyzed period increased from approximately USD 169 million to approximately USD 16 billion. If we analyze the global chicken meat market, it may be stated that it is very concentrated. The analysis of the global market further shows that Brazil, the USA and China represent, in terms of global production, consumption and trade, the main driving force on the chicken meat market. These three countries have a share in global production of approximately 46%, their share in global consumption ranges at a level of over 40%. The share of these countries in global export ranges at a level exceeding 50%.
Agriculture as a sector of national economy shows a permanent loss (except the year 1995 and 2000). The investment volume and number of workers decreases. The necessary resources for businesses development are not created at the general level. Introducing of new technologies for restructuring appears as problematic from this point of view. The stated results of the sector of agriculture stem from the average data of the monitored set of enterprises collected by the RIAE. Evaluation objectivity of the agricultural enterprises economic results is influenced by the quality of the database and of the used evaluation method. In the contribution, the method of the financial analysis indices, economic normal and the indicators of the enterprise financial situation prediction were utilised for evaluation. For the analysis, own set of monitored enterprises is used and also its comparison with the selected results of the RIAE.Key words: value added, business, economic normal, profit, loss Abstrakt: Zemìdìlství jako sektor národního hospodáøství vykazuje trvale ztrátu (kromì roku 1995). Dochází k poklesu objemu investic, sniuje se poèet pracovníkù. Potøebné zdroje pro rozvoj podnikù se v obecné rovinì nevytváøí. Zavádìní nových technologií pro potøebnou restrukturalizaci se z tohoto pohledu jeví jako problematické. Pøesto zemìdìlské podniky existují a mìly by dále existovat. Vykazované výsledky zemìdìlských podnikù VÜZE vychází z prùmìrných hodnot sledovaného souboru. Pøi porovnání v delí èasové øadì lze upozornit na nepøesnosti v návaznosti údajù jednotlivých let. Cílem pøíspìvku je najít objektivní hodnocení ekonomických výsledkù zemìdìlských podnikù a vymezení faktorù, které tyto výsledky nejvíce ovlivòují. Pro hodnocení jsou pouity pomìrové ukazatele finanèní analýzy, ekonomický normál a ukazatele predikce finanèní situace podniku. Pro rozborovou èinnost je vyuit vlastní soubor sledovaných podnikù a jeho srovnání s vybranými vykazovanými výsledky VÚZE.
Finnish agriculture changed radically with the EU joining in 1995. The commitment of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) led to unprecedented changes in economic environment -in agriculture as in processing industry. Finland lost the possibility to regulate the original price level of agricultural products supported by the national border protection and export subsidies. Prices guaranteed by the EU are much lower today than before the EU-membership. Recently, Finland has evaluated ten years being an EU member. Despite its competitive disadvantage, given mostly by unfavourable production conditions, Finnish agriculture has not lost within the competitive environment of the single market and it has tried to take advantage of the opportunities offered by the CAP. The article recapitulates the ten year effort of Finnish agriculture to ensure the competitiveness within the EU single market. Key words: competitiveness, Common Agricultural Policy, single market, European UnionAbstrakt: Finské zemědělství prodělalo vstupem do EU v roce 1995 radikální změnu. Zavedení pravidel společné zeměděl-ské politiky vedlo k bezprecedentním změnám v ekonomickém prostředí jak zemědělství, tak zpracovatelského průmyslu. Finsko pozbylo možnosti regulovat nadále původní cenovou úroveň zemědělských produktů pomocí vlastních ochranář-ských opatření a exportních subvencí. Garantované ceny EU jsou dnes na mnohem nižší úrovni, než byly ceny před vstupem do EU. V nedávné době Finsko hodnotilo deset let v EU. I přes konkurenční nevýhody, dané zejména nepříznivými výrobními podmínkami, se finské zemědělství v konkurenčním prostředí vnitřního trhu EU neztratilo a Finsko se snažilo využít příležitosti, které společná zemědělská politika nabízí. Článek rekapituluje desetiletou snahu finského zemědělství o zabezpečení konkurenceschopnosti v rámci vnitřního trhu EU.
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