Regional development is perceived in economic literature ÚvodEnvironmentálne záťaže v Slovenskej republike predstavujú vysoko negatívne, bariérne, rizikové elementy, ktoré vo veľkej miere ovplyvňujú funkčno-priestorovú štruktúru krajiny a limitujú regionálny rozvoj. Odhadovaný počet pravdepodobných environmentálnych záťaží na území Slovenska je 30 000, z ktorých zhruba 5 % (1500 lokalít) patrí medzi vysoko rizikové a väčšina z nich nemá vlastníka alebo zodpovedný subjekt, čo je najväčším problémom týchto záťaží. Záťaže predstavujú pozostatky po priemyselnej a poľnohospodárskej výrobe, sú to skládky odpadu z priemyselnej výroby (prevažne hutníckej a chemickej), staré banské diela, najmä haldy, odkaliská a iné objekty po úprave ťažených surovín, škody zdedené po pôsobení Sovietskej armády, opustené areály po likvidácii výrobných podnikov, skládky biologického a chemického odpadu v bývalých poľnohospodárskych areáloch (hnojiská, sklady chemických a použitých ropných látok ap.), ktoré znečisťujú povrchové a podzemné vody, ovzdušie, pôdu, horninové prostredie a v mnohých prípadoch výrazne vplývajú na 18
The aim of the study was to investigate the properties of the metallurgical sludge—waste from nickel production—on the landfill of a former nickel plant in Sereď, Slovakia, in relation to the technosols soil group. The sludge is a loose material which is a toxic industrial technological anthropogenic sediment of an unnatural black colour which originated from the crushing, washing, and leaching of poor iron–nickel lateritic ore in ammoniac solution and other caustics substances. The terrain reconnaissance enabled us to identify the points for the location of the probes. Here we dug seven probes and took 17 samples. In the samples the pH levels, the content of heavy metal and iron TOC, IC, C, and N, and the C:N ratio were determined. This study provides substantial empirical data on the properties of the metallurgical sludge. The results of the analyses clearly demonstrate that the sludge is a strongly alkaline material and contains toxic amounts of heavy metals (Cr, Ni). It is an artefact whose properties are unfavourable to living organisms and their communities. On the basis of the results of the probes analysis we identified the nature of the technosols on the given locality.
The presented paper deals with the regionalization of the electoral support of the Czech Pirate Party (Pirates) in regional elections using methods and techniques of spatial data analysis. The aim is to answer the question whether the territorial distribution of Pirate electoral support allows this party to participate in governance at the regional level and thus influence the form of regional policy in individual regions. The results of the analysis show that the spatial distribution of Pirates’ electoral support in regional elections differed quite significantly not only from the pattern found in the elections to the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Parliament and elections to the European Parliament, but also between individual regional elections. This suggests the current lack of anchorage of Pirates’ electoral support in regional politics, but at the same time, it may have its origins in the second-order character of regional elections and the candidacy of many local and regional entities in regional elections. On the other hand, the results of the regional elections in 2020 meant that the Pirates received seats in all regional councils, but especially in nine of the thirteen regions they joined the regional government (similarly to two years earlier when they joined government of capital city of Prague), gaining the opportunity to influence, with regard to its priorities, the form of regional governance in most Czech regions.
This paper presents an attempt to differentiate the Slovak rural landscape with respect to the possibility of effective potato cultivation and to characterise soil parameters of current potato cultivation areas with the aim to increase the sustainability of the potato production. The selection was based on soil climatic, production and economic parameters. By using the GIS tools and existing databases on soil characteristics in Slovakia, maps of soil suitability categories for potato cultivation were generated. In Slovakia, it was found that 12.3% of farmland is very suitable for potato cultivation and that as much as 43.1% is not suitable. Later, the specified categories were characterised in detail and specified with respect to geographic, soil, climatic, production and economic parameters. Currently, most potato crops are cultivated on Cambisols (27%), Chernozems (20%) and Fluvisols (18%). Loamy soils (content of particles <0.01 mm is 30–45%), soils without gravel (gravel content in the depth 0.0–0.6 m is <10%), deep soils (>0.6 m) and soil situated on plains (slope 0°–3°) are dominant in these regions. We suggest that potato cultivation should be concentrated on the most suitable areas, thereby increasing the economic profitability, improving the ecological stability of the country and supporting the sustainability of the agriculture.
The principal aim of the study is to identify the nature and causes of changes to the surface of a landfill body of waste from nickel production located in the industrial zone of the town of Sereď (Slovak Republic). This change is related to natural and anthropogenic geomorphological processes characteristic of the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere. The landfill is an accumulative anthropogenic form of relief, and its body is composed from an artefact-metallurgical sludge, which has specific properties. The landfill constitutes a strange shape of relief at the Danubian Plane, which attracts attention with its physiognomy and also with the black color of the material significantly. It formed during the 30-year-long existence of the nickel smelter plant (1963–1993) and remained in this location, until the present day, for another 28 years after the end of production. Since 1994, the landfill has been the property of a private company that mines sludge in order to obtain residual metals.
Region of Middle Spiš is among the most environmentally burdened areas in Slovakia. It is the result of a long tradition of industry and mining in the region. Rich deposits of copper and iron ores in the Slovak Ore Mountains necessitated the expansion of mining and metallurgical activities in the region of Middle Spiš. Mining activity and the bulk of the industrial activity in the area was closed early 90s of the 20th century. Centuries-long mining and industrial activities had and continues to have negative effects on all components of the environment, which is among the environmentally degraded and heavily burdened. The paper deals with the analysis of the quality and the environmental load of soils and water impacts of mining and industrial activities. The main aim of the articles the analysis of heavy metals of the sample in the soils and water and their comparison with the results during active mining and industrial operation. Our aim is to try to point out on the continue contamination of selected elements of the environment.
The article presents the results of measurements of magnetic properties of samples spolic technosols (alcalic/hyperartefactic) form the landfill of black nickel mud at Sered’, Slovakia. We measured the dependence of magnetic moment as a function of temperatures (240-340 K) and applied magnetic fields up to 7.2 MA/m (90 kOe). We observed at room temperature the tendency to saturation of magnetic moment. The temperature dependences showed possible ferromagnetic behaviour.
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