These findings suggest that the stretching protocol used was harmful to the previously immobilized articular cartilage. However, the same stretching protocol did not harm the cartilage of non-immobilized groups.
Objective: To evaluate the correct placement of transpedicular screws in the thoracic, lumbar and sacral spine using the free hand technique. Methods: Clinical and imaging (CT scan) evaluation of 25 patients (13 female and 12 male) undergoing spinal instrumentation for a total of 124 transpedicular screws applied using the free hand technique. The screws were inserted from T11 to S1, most of which were placed at levels L4, L5 and S1. Results: 94% of transpedicular screws were placed correctly in the pedicle. It was found that 6% (seven screws) were misplaced and among those, only two violated the inferomedial wall, one less than 2 mm and the other between 2 and 4 mm. None of the patients had complications associated with incorrect positioning of the screws. Conclusion: The free hand technique is safe to be used in the instrumentation of the thoracic, lumbar and sacral spine.Keywords: Lumbar vertebrae; Bone screws; Spinal fusion. RESUMO Objectivo: Avaliar a técnica free hand de colocação de parafusos transpediculares na coluna torácica, lombar e sagrada. Métodos: Avaliação clínica e imagiológica (tomografia computorizada) de 25 pacientes (13 mulheres e 12 homens) submetidos a instrumentação vertebral num total de 124 parafusos transpediculares aplicados, utilizando a técnica free hand. Os parafusos foram inseridos de T11 a S1, e a maioria destes foram colocados nos níveis L4, L5 e S1. Resultados: 94% dos parafusos transpediculares estavam correctamente colocados no pedículo. Verificou-se que 6% (7 parafusos) estavam mal colocados e destes apenas dois violavam a cortical inferomedial, um destes apresentava uma perfuração inferior a 2 mm e o outro entre 2 e 4 mm. Nenhum dos pacientes seguidos apresentou complicações associadas ao incorrecto posicionamento dos parafusos. Conclusão: A técnica free hand é segura na instrumentação da coluna torácica e lombo-sagrada. Descritores
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