Background: This study investigated the impact of perceptions on makeup behavior and levels of makeup use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Objective: It is presumed that during the COVID-19 outbreak, due to the restrictions on meeting people, mandatory wearing of facial masks, and the spread of contactless culture, there may have occurred a change in the makeup behavior, makeup perception, and level of makeup use. However, no empirical study has been conducted on this topic. Hence, this study aimed to identify the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on makeup use in female adults, using an empirical analysis method.Methods: A survey was conducted on 245 female adults aged 18 years or older, residing in the Gwangju Metropolitan City. Empirical analysis was performed at a significance level of p<0.05, using the SPSS WIN 21.0 program. To identify general characteristics of survey respondents, a chi-squared test was performed, and to verify the feasibility of estimation tools, a factor analysis was conducted. To measure the level of reliability, Cronbach's α coefficient was calculated. A paired samples t-test was used to determine the level of makeup use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lastly, a multiple linear regression analysis identified the impact of makeup behavior and makeup perception on the makeup usage level before and during COVID-19.Results: The analysis of difference in makeup usage before and after the pandemic began showed that makeup usage during the pandemic (mean=2.84) decreased from the pre-pandemic level (mean=3.59). It was also found that higher aesthetics, synchronism, and courtesy as subfactors of makeup behavior led to an increase in makeup usage during the pandemic. In addition, this study also confirmed that respondents with higher social achievement as a subfactor of makeup perception increased their makeup usage during the pandemic. Conclusion:Overall, makeup usage during COVID-19 decreased compared to the pre-pandemic level, but respondents with higher aesthetics, synchronism, and courtesy, which are subfactors of makeup behavior, and those with higher social achievement, a subfactor of makeup perception, tended to wear more makeup after the pandemic began. These findings may be used as basic data for cosmetic marketing.
This study attempted to investigate the influence of the perception of personal color on makeup behavior against MZers in Gwangju and Jeollanam-do with a goal of providing basic data for marketing strategies, and the results found the followings: ‘Advice from Outsiders (β=.457, p<.001)’ and ‘Direct Perception (β=.266, p<.001)’ had a positive effect on ‘Pursuit of Satisfaction’ with statistical significance. In addition, ‘Direct Perception (β=.307, p<.001)’ revealed a positive influence on ‘Popularity-seeking Behavior’ with statistical significance. Furthermore, ‘Advice from Outsiders (β=.171, p<.05)’ and ‘Direct Perception (β=.256, p<.01)’ showed a positive effect on ‘Sociality-seeking Behavior’ with statistical significance. The above results confirm that wearing makeup in perception of personal color can enhance self-confidence and satisfaction and create a good impression in interpersonal relationships. The study results
This study attempted to suggest basic data needed to design 'untact' online courses and develop an operating plan for teachers in cosmetology high schools, and the results found the following: The perception of online courses revealed a positive correlation in 'interest,' 'efficiency,' and 'communication' with statistical significance. As perception was higher, online courses' effectiveness ('interest,' 'efficiency,' and 'communication') increased. In terms of barriers to online courses, as 'instructor' and 'contents' barriers increased, and 'interest' decreased. When 'instructor,' 'contents' and 'learner management' were high, the efficiency dropped. Furthermore, as 'instructor' and 'environmental' factors increased, 'communication' decreased. This study was performed among cosmetology teachers nationwide. Therefore, further studies should be conducted on the perception of online courses against more people, including cosmetology-related high school students.
This study attempted to comparatively analyze educational satisfaction and satisfaction with graduate schools between graduate students majoring in cosmetology and other graduate students, and the results found the followings: In terms of the perception of educational courses, academic operation and thesis guidance, graduate students majoring in cosmetology were relatively higher than other graduate students. In addition, perception of administrative services and satisfaction with graduate schools by an environmental factor were higher among the students from the Department of Cosmetology. According to correlation analysis, graduate students majoring in cosmetology were more satisfied as educational courses and thesis guidance were higher. In other graduate students, on the contrary, they were more satisfied as thesis guidance and academic operation increased. Furthermore, graduate students majoring in cosmetology were more satisfied with better facilities while other graduate students were more satisfied as facilities and administrative services improved. Since there has been no comparative study on educational satisfaction between graduate students majoring in cosmetology and other graduate students, it is anticipated that the study results would be available as basic data for improving the quality of graduate school education.
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