When we talk about products with a low impact on the environment, e.g., organic, traditional, or having the European ecological label, their sales are a central element of the economy. Many variables and local cultural values influence consumer behavior, including education and life requirements. Sustainable development involves education on consumption habits and low-environmental-impact production. This article aims to identify the role of education and remuneration in the consumption of sustainable products. Different working hypotheses are formulated. The first hypothesis of our study tests the existence of a direct correlation between the consumer’s level of education and their opinion on consuming low-environmental-impact products, influencing the ability to make appropriate decisions. The second one refers to the level of income and consumption behavior. The research method is a statistical one, based on a quantitative analysis and using a questionnaire as a tool. For 60% of the high-level graduate respondents, a product’s source is significant in their choices. Over 70% of the responders who earn above the median income believe it is essential to consume organic products. The results obtained confirm our initial assumptions. Our findings underline the current knowledge regarding consumption of sustainable products, their characteristics, and consumers’ interest in them.
Sustainable development involves economic growth in line with the requirements of ecological balance and human development, involving people’s relations with the environment as well as the responsibility of the current generation over future generations. Sustainable tourism was designed and supported in an attempt to manage all resources, so that the economic, social, and aesthetic needs of an area are satisfied while maintaining cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity, and life support systems. Sustainable tourism is not “a fashion”; it is a way of thinking and acting with long-term implications. At national level, we believe that Maramureş County, Romania, is one of the most gifted natural and socio-economic geographic areas in the Oriental Carpathians of Romania, in which the conditions of sustainable tourism can be met and supported long term. The purpose of this scientific paper is to identify, synthesize, process, and interpret data about the tourist qualification of some localities in the protected areas of Maramureş, so as to inform local decision-makers and tourists about tourism forms currently practiced (and) possibly practicable in the future, because since tourism, as an economic branch, leads to the growth of jobs, it can contribute to the sustainable development of the area. The mathematical model proposed in the paper allows the grouping of available resources from 25 settlements in order to establish the types of tourism that can be supported and developed in these localities.
The overall evolution of the economy is usually appreciated by two macroeconomic indicators GDP and GVA, which by their value gives us clear information on the state of the economy. Gross domestic product (GDP), the main macroeconomic aggregate of national accounts, is the final result of the production activity of resident producer units and which corresponds to the value of goods and services produced by these units for final consumption. Gross Value Added (GVA) is the balance of the production account and is measured as the difference between the value of the goods and services produced (valued at basic prices) and the intermediate consumption (valued at the buyer's prices), thus representing the new value created in the production process. GVA is calculated before calculating the consumption of fixed capital. Since 1990, we have been confronted with a major restructuring of the way GDP and GVA are created due to the intensive process of restructuring the economy. In the paper we will analyze the basis of the processing of national statistical data, how the tourism component of the tertiary sector contributes to the formation of the aggregate indicators presented above. In 2016, Romania had a GDP of 169.6 billion euros, below the Czech level (174.4 billion euros), Greece (175.9 billion euros) and Portugal (184.9 billion euros). Data series published by the European Statistical Office show that in the first quarter of this year, Romania's GDP adjusted for seasonal influences was 44.2 billion euros, while the value of GDP- Greece was 43.96 billion euros, the Czech Republic's 44.85 billion euros, and Portugal's 47.37 billion euros. In terms of GVA training, Romania is included in the European Union's Statistical Yearbook 201 6 as the country with the largest contributions to the Gross Value Added in the economy from industry, agriculture and construction, simultaneously with the lowest Public sector contribution (administration, defense, education, health and social welfare, etc.) Although professional, scientific and technical activities have seen the largest increase in the share of Gross Value Added training, they remain below the average of 10.4% Registered on the whole EU. There is an increase in the art, entertainment, recreation and other activities related to tourism - which brought us near the European customs and contributed to the "structural convection" of the Romanian economy. Touristic activity, particularly complex, with upstream and downstream implications, generates a tourism industry, whose components contribute to the formation of GDP and national Gross Value Added We will analyze the share of tourism in Romania's Gross Domestic Product in the period 2008-2014, gross value added in the tourism industry direct gross value added from tourism and gross domestic product of tourism in 2013 and 2014. Keywords: macroeconomic indicators, tourism industry, Gross Domestic Product, Gross Value Added economy
A collecting mission was carried out in south-west Romania in October 2013 with the aims: (1) to collect autochthonous crop genetic resources which still present in the south-west of Romania; (2) to assess the presence of on farm of plant genetic resources; (3) to determine the species and the amount of genetic diversity still cultivated and (4) to obtain information from germplasm owners to be used to evaluate the feasibility of an on farm conservation program. Out of 24 explored towns, in 8, landraces were grown and in all, instances seeds could be obtained. Fifty-three accessions from different crop species were collected in 17 sites, belonging to 10 botanical families, of which solanaceae was the most represented (32%), followed by fabaceae (17%), cucurbitaceae (11%) and alliaceae and brassicaceae (9%). As expected, vegetable crops were the most collected, reaching a value as 58.5%, spices 20.8%, while pulses 15.1% and cereals 5.7% of the total. This collecting mission showed that in internal areas of Romania, germplasm of old landraces of many vegetable and crop species still survive, and indicated the urgency to continue also in other agricultural districts of Romania.
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