Anthocyanins were extracted from a mixture of berries of Vaccinium angustifolium and Vaccinium myrtilloïdes at 7.7 degrees C, 26 degrees C, and 79 degrees C using ethanol alone or ethanol acidified with hydrochloric, citric, tartaric, lactic, or phosphoric acids at a solvent to solid ratio of 10. The effect of these parameters on extracted anthocyanins stability was investigated. The pH-differential and HPLC-DAD methods were used to determine anthocyanin contents. Extracted anthocyanins were purified on a C-18 solid-phase extraction cartridge and characterized by HPLC/electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Anthocyanins were identified according to their HPLC retention times, elution order, and MS fragmentation pattern and by comparison with standards and published data. Anthocyanin extractions gave different yields depending on the type of added acid and the extraction temperature. High yields of monomeric and total anthocyanins (26.3 and 28.9 mg/g of dry matter) were obtained at 79 degrees C using phosphoric acid. Extraction using tartaric acid at 79 degrees C provided the lowest degradation index (1.05). Anthocyanins were stable and browning by polyphenol oxidase was inhibited under these conditions. Of the six common anthocyanindins, five were identified in the extracts, namely, delpinidin, cyanidin, peonidin, petunidin, and malvidin; pelargonidin was not found. In addition to well-known major anthocyanins, new anthocyanins were identified for the first time in extracts of wild blueberries from Quebec.

L’activité fongicide des traitements ozone/ionisation a été étudiée.Rhizopus stoloniferetBotrytis cinerea, deux moisissures pathogènes communes de l’entreposage des fraises, ont été inoculées sur gélose et exposées à 106ions/cm3d’air et à des concentrations d’ozone de 0,05; 0,1; 0,5 et 1 ppm. En guise d’application, des fraises ont été inoculées par lésion avec chaque souche de moisissure et traitées aux mêmes concentrations d’ozone pour 12, 24, 48, 72 heures et comparées à un témoin inoculé non traité. Les résultats obtenus ont démontré un effet fongicide significatif et/ou fongistatique des traitements combinés ozone/ionisation sur les moisissures étudiées. Les expériences sur gélose ont montré que les teneurs en ozone de 0,05 et 0,1 ppm ont permis, après 36 heures de traitement, de réduire respectivement de 57 et 76 % les populations deR. stolonifer, et de 68 et 78 % les populations deB. cinerea. Pour les concentrations d’ozone de 0,5 et 1 ppm, une réduction de 99 % pourR. stoloniferet de 98 % pourB. cinereaa été observée. Sur les fraises exposées à 1 ppm d’ozone, après 72 heures de traitement, 91,1 et 98,8 % de réduction des populations deR. stoloniferetB. cinereaont été observées respectivement.

The use of natural compounds to prevent oxidative damage in biological systems is becoming increasingly popular. Blueberries have been of specific interest because of their high antioxidant capacity. Anthocyanins were extracted from berries of Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton and Vaccinium myrtilloides Michaux at 79 °C in acidified ethanol with phosphoric acid as a solvent using a liquid/solid ratio of 10. Extracted anthocyanins were purified on a C‐18 silica‐packed column and analyzed by HPLC coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Of the six common anthocyanidins, five were identified in the extracts, namely delphinidin, cyanidin, peonidin, petunidin, and malvidin, while pelargonidin was not found. The free radical scavenging effects of anthocyanins were evaluated using N,N‐dimethyl‐p‐phenylenediamine method as well as their potential to mitigate in vitro low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidative damage. After 6 h of incubation, the oxidation products formation such as that of conjugated dienes, trienes, and hexanal was inhibited up to 60 %. Based on these data, we concluded that anthocyanins from V. angustifolium and V. myrtilloides of Quebec possess the ability to inhibit in vitro LDL oxidation.