A new latex particle agglutination test for direct detection of Haemophilus influenzae type b polyribose phosphate antigen in serum, cerebrospinal fluid, or urine was evaluated from studies at four clinical centers. Although use of a serum buffer significantly reduced inconclusive agglutination of the latex particles, the retesting of serum samples, after heat inactivation and dilution, resolved all serum samples, with one exception, as reactive or nonreactive for the presence of the polyribose phosphate antigen. A clinical accuracy of 100% was obtained for the latex particle agglutination method in respect to its capability for detection of polyribose phosphate antigen in all patients with confirmed infection by H. influenzae type b.
A sero-conversion for hepatitis B antibody has resulted from immunization of patas monkeys, guinea pigs, and rabbits with the A-2 plaque virus. This agent was isolated in tissue culture from patient sera that were positive for hepatitis B antigen. The immune response was assayed with techniques of direct and indirect counter-immunoelectrophoresis, and immune electron microscopy. Hepatitis B antibody (HBAb) has been induced in rabbits (8, 17, 22), mice (18), guinea pigs (1, 15, 19), rhesus monkeys (14), chimpanzees (13, 16), horses (6), goats (9), and children (11) by experimental immunization with the Australia antigen (hepatitis B antigen [HBAg]) (3, 4). The induction of an antibody in guinea pigs, rabbits, and patas monkeys after immunization with the A-2 plaque virus (10, 20), which reacted with HBAg, became apparent from cooperative studies that were completed on sera collected in 1966 from these animals and retained in storage by the Virology Branch of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) in Washington, D.C., and by the Virology Department of the Delta Regional Primate Research
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