PROSPERO registration number CRD42016042347.

Objective:The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and tumor features in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods: Data from 251 patients who underwent transurethral resection (TUR) for NMIBC from January 2000 to June 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups: Group I, 159 patients (63%) who did not have DM at the time of surgery; and (ii) Group II, 92 patients (37%) who had DM at the time of surgery. Recurrence-and progression-free survival was assessed in both groups. Preoperative HbA1c levels, as parameter of glycemic control, were determined in Group II patients, with patients divided into two subgroups: (i) HbA1c Ն7.0%; and (ii) HbA1c <7.0%. The clinical features of the bladder tumor were compared in these two subgroups. Results: Compared with Group I, Group II patients were older and had a higher rate of hypertension, recurrence, and progression (P < 0.05). Univariate survival analysis showed that gender, DM, smoking, and serum creatinine were associated with recurrence-free survival (P < 0.05), whereas DM, stage, grade, intravesical instillation, and serum creatinine were associated with progression-free survival. In multivariate survival analysis, DM was found to be an independent factor for recurrence-(hazard ratio [HR] 2.11; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-3.2; P = 0.001) and progression-free survival (HR 9.35; 95% CI 3.1-28.6; P = 0.001). Furthermore, patients with HbA1c Ն7.0% exhibited a significantly higher rate of multiplicity (P = 0.001), tumor grade (P = 0.03), and intravesical treatment (P = 0.04). Conclusions: In conclusion, DM seems to be an independent predictor of recurrence-and progression-free survival in NMIBC patients. Further prospective studies are needed to establish the prognostic significance of postoperative glycemic control in this patient population.

BackgroundClass III β-tubulin (TUBB3) is a prognostic marker in various tumors, but the role of TUBB3 in advanced gastric cancer is not clearly defined. We analyzed the significance of TUBB3 expression, along with that of excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) in recurrent and metastatic gastric cancer patients receiving taxane-based first-line palliative chemotherapy.MethodsWe reviewed the cases of 146 patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma who received taxane-based first-line palliative chemotherapy between 2004 and 2010 at Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital (Gwangju, Korea). Immunohistochemical staining for TUBB3 and ERCC1 was performed using paraffin wax-embedded tumor tissues. We evaluated the patients’ response to chemotherapy, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).ResultsIn total, 146 patients with advanced gastric cancer received docetaxel and cisplatin (n = 15) or paclitaxel and cisplatin (n = 131). The median PFS was significantly shorter for patients with high-level TUBB3 expression than for patients with low-level TUBB3 expression (3.63 vs. 6.67 months, P = 0.001). OS was not associated with TUBB3 expression (13.1 vs. 13.1 months, P = 0.769). By multivariate analysis, only TUBB3 was related to a shorter PFS (HR 2.74, 95% CI 1.91-3.91, P = 0.001). Patients with high-level ERCC1 expression showed a lower response rate than patients with low-level ERCC1 expression (24 vs. 63.2%, P = 0.001); however, ERCC1 had no clinical effect on PFS or OS.ConclusionsTUBB3 was a strong predictive marker in recurrent and metastatic gastric cancer patients receiving taxane-based first-line palliative chemotherapy. No clinical impact of ERCC1 was evident in this setting.

BackgroundThe platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) have been reported as prognostic factors in various cancers, but their roles in metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) remain unclear. We investigated the significance of PLR and NLR, along with that of established prognostic factors, in mRCC patients receiving first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI).MethodsData obtained from 63 mRCC patients who received first-line TKI between 2007 and 2013 were evaluated retrospectively. The association of PLR, NLR, and established prognostic factors with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method. The influence of independent prognostic factors on survival was determined using multivariable Cox regression analysis.ResultsHigh NLR (>3.6) and PLR (>150) were related to shorter PFS (p = 0.001) and OS (p = 0.001). The presence of brain metastases [hazard ratio (HR) 4.94, 95% CI 1.75–13.9; p = 0.002] and high PLR (>150, HR 13.1, 95% CI 5.14–33.2; p = 0.001) were independently associated with PFS, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance status ≥2 (HR 3.60, 95% CI 1.39–9.31; p = 0.008), lymph node metastasis (HR 2.76, 95% CI 1.11–6.86; p = 0.029), brain metastasis (HR 9.39, 95% CI 2.74–32.1; p = 0.001), and high PLR (>150, HR 16.1, 95% CI 4.41–58.4; p = 0.001) with OS.ConclusionsHigh PLR was associated with shorter survival of mRCC patients receiving first-line TKI. The PLR may be an effective independent prognostic factor in this setting.

Fosfomycin could be an alternative treatment option for UTIs related to ESBL-producing E. coli spp. and CoA-UTI, but not for UTIs related to ESBL-producing Klebsiella spp. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of ESBL-producing strains were different according to the UTI classification. Fosfomycin showed decreased activity against isolates from HCA-UTI and HA-UTI. However, further clinical verification is required to assess the clinical efficacy of fosfomycin for the treatment of UTIs caused by ESBL-producing E. coli isolates.

Men with hypertension are more likely to have a higher IPSS and large prostate volume than men without hypertension. This finding implicates a pathophysiological association between hypertension and LUTS, and the need to manage comorbid symptoms simultaneously.

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