Young Coconut products have many benefits for society as for drinks and medicine, and it produces young Coconut shells and coir waste. The contents of cellulose and carbon elements are interesting to be utilized to be activated carbon. This research aimed to know the activator concentration of hydroxide potassium chemical and heating physical with microwave electrical power to produce activated carbon products. This research was conducted in laboratory experiments with chemical and physical activation methods, measuring proximate and iodine product numbers. The result showed that activated carbon from young Coconuts shells and coir with activation process used chemical activation and produced activated carbon products that met SNI standard number 06-3730-1995. Iodine number of activated carbons was in the range of 1776.60 mg/g – 2220.75 mg/g, iodine number as more than 23.5% of SNI Standard.
This research was conducted by laboratory-scale trials to make activated carbon from empty oil palm bunches. Empty bunches were palm oil processing industrial waste. This research was an effort to optimize waste management. Empty palm oil bunches were studied to become carbon active. Activated carbon is needed to meet the needs of the food industry and non-food industries. This research aimed to determine the appropriate method, optimal operating condition, and get the specification of standard carbon active. Making activated carbon was carried out by multiple activations; chemical and physical. The feed carbonation process was conducted at 400° C for 4 hours with N2 gas flow. After the charcoal is formed, chemical activation is carried out using an H3PO4 activator with a concentration of 9-15% wt. Physical activity was conducted by heating the activated carbon method in 700°C for an hour. The result of the study showed that multiple activations produced activated carbon, and the quality filled the standard. H3PO4 concentration of 13% was the most appropriate concentration to provide activated carbon with the best quality. The best quality activated carbon, which has produced of this research has complied with Indonesian National Standards 06-3730-1995 with parameters: 3% moisture content, 3.92% ash content, 0.7% volatile matter, 95.38% bonded carbon, iodine number 945.47 mg / g, and surface area of 272.9 m2/g.
North Gresik is a dry land area. The primary water source is lake water. The analysis result showed that lake water contained the contamination of ammonia, iron, manganese, organic matter, and a coliform total exceeding standard quality. This condition could endanger local societies. A water process was needed to remove water contamination and improve water aesthetics. In this study, the researchers were choosing a water filter as Water treatment tool. This tool used three media; manganese greensand, zeolite, and active carbon. This tool had an excellent performance to reduce lake water contamination, practical to use and affordable price. This research built Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to identify the factors and variables which were influencing water filter adoption by societies. Data collection was conducted by distributing questioners to 248 respondents. The finding showed that the behavior of tool accepting was the most take positive effect to tool adoption (path coefficient = 0.320), following governments' role path coefficient = 0.276) and infrastructure (path coefficient = 0.157). Behavior acceptance was a tool as mediate the relationship of society's perception to tool adoption and to mediate the relationship between institutional and tool adoption. The resulting model was included moderate because it was able to explain about 36.7% from variable variants in tool adoption. The variables, finding which influenced tool adoption in positive and significant effect, both directly and indirectly, were input, for the decision-maker (government) and local lake water process in making policies and developing work programs for sustainable water supply.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.