Clinically and histopathologically, SE and SO appear to be two different entities. When diagnosed correctly and treated appropriately, the lesions have good functional and cosmetic results, as well as a very low recurrence rate.

Amaç: COVID-19 tanılı hastalarda glipikan-3 düzeylerini belirlemeyi, bu değerleri sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırmayı; ayrıca glipikan-3 düzeylerinin interlökin-6 (IL-6) dahil inflamatuar belirteçlerle ilişkisini ve hastalık patogenezindeki rolünü belirlemeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya toplam 88 olgu (58 hasta ve 30 kontrol) dahil edildi. Olguların tıbbi öyküsü ve laboratuvar bulguları kaydedildi. Serum glipikan-3 ve IL-6 seviyeleri Enzim-bağlı immünosorbent ölçüm yöntemi ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: Alanin aminotransferaz (ALT), aspartat aminotransferaz (AST), C-reaktif protein (CRP), D-dimer, ferritin, laktat dehidrojenaz (LDH) ve IL-6 seviyeleri COVID-19 hasta grubunda sağlıklı kontrollere göre anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunurken, glipikan-3 seviyeleri hasta grubunda anlamlı derecede daha düşüktü (p <0,001). Glipikan-3 seviyeleri, serum AST, CRP, ferritin, IL-6 ve LDH seviyeleri ile anlamlı ve ters korelasyon gösterdi (p<0.05). Sonuç: COVID-19 hastalarında glipikan-3 düzeylerinin daha düşük olduğunu bulduk. Ek olarak, serum glipikan-3 seviyeleri, CRP ve IL-6 seviyeleri ile ters ilişkilidir. Glipikan-3' ü hedeflemek, COVID-19'un patofizyolojisini anlamada faydalı olabilir.

COVID-19 pneumonia computed tomography (CT) imaging features have been described in detail in many studies. The pseudocavitation sign has not been described in the previous COVID-19 studies. We present chest CT scans of five RT-PCR positive patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who has bare areas among pulmonary infiltrates. All five also had previous scans with similarly sized low attenuated areas in the same location prior to the addition of pulmonary infiltrates. The pre-existing cystic changes had become remarkable due to the contrast around them after the pulmonary infiltrates added. Therefore, they should be termed as “pseodocavity" according to Fleischner Society glossary. Small air-containing spaces between pulmonary infiltrates have been termed in previous COVID-19 studies as a new sign called "round cystic changes/air bubble sign/vacuolar sign". We would like to draw attention that the vacuolar sign and the synonyms may be the pseudocavity sign that is due to pre-existing changes rather than a new defined sign.

The aim of the study was to present the rare co-occurring radiological findings of a child presenting with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) with a spinal cord and prefrontal cortex involvement after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) illness. The patient, who had COVID-19 a few weeks earlier, presented with progressive weakness in the right upper and lower extremities. Neurological examination of the patient was performed, and cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was taken on the same day. Serum severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus immunoglobulin M antibody testing was positive. MRI of the brain parenchyma and thoracic spine revealed fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and T2-weighted hyperintense lesions. Additionally, mild contrast enhancement was observed in both the prefrontal cortexes. The patient was discharged 10 days later with complete clinical recovery. Unlike other post-COVID-19 ADEM cases presenting in the literature, prefrontal cortex involvement makes our case rare.