The aim of this study was to determine the bone density in the designated implant sites using computerized tomography (CT), the fastening torque values of dental implants, and the implant stability values using resonance frequency analysis. Further aim was to evaluate a possible correlation between bone density, fastening torque and implant stability. Eighty-five patients were treated with 158 Brånemark System implants. CT machine was used for preoperative evaluation of the jawbone for each patient, and bone densities were recorded in Hounsfield units (HU). The fastening torque values of all implants were recorded with the OsseoCare equipment. Implant stability measurements were performed with the Osstell machine. The average bone density and fastening torque values were 751.4 +/- 256 HU and 39.7 +/- 7 Ncm for 158 implants. The average primary implant stability was 73.2 +/- 6 ISQ for seventy implants. Strong correlations were observed between the bone density, fastening torque and implant stability values of Brånemark System TiUnite MKIII implants at implant placement (P < 0.001). These results strengthen the hypothesis that it may be possible to predict and quantify initial implant stability and bone quality from pre-surgical CT diagnosis.

The bone density values from pre-operative CT examination may provide an objective assessment of bone quality, and significant correlations between bone density and implant stability parameters may help clinicians to predict primary stability before implant insertion.

The results of this clinical trial suggest that the early loading approach of two dental implants supporting a mandibular overdenture does not jeopardize peri-implant soft tissue health, marginal bone resorption, and implant stability.

The results of this study indicate that 6 weeks of early loading period for TiUnite-surface titanium implants in the maxilla is reliable and predictable for this patient population and may offer an alternative to the standard loading protocol.

The results of this study demonstrated a linear relationship between peri-implant vertical bone defect depth and RFA value. It is proposed that the RFA method is sensitive to detect changes of the marginal bone level and may be used to monitor healing of peri-implant bone defects.

The findings indicated that oral health was better in group II rats (those fed with a zinc-containing diet) than in group I (zinc-deficient) rats. Hyperkeratinization was more prominent in zinc-deficient rats. We suggest that zinc deficiency is a potential risk factor for oral and periodontal diseases.