En el contexto de la Pandemia COVID-19, los servicios de atención especializada para personas con Trastorno del Espectro Autista y Trastornos del desarrollo se vieron interrumpidos. En este contexto, el apoyo de profesionales mediante entrenamiento en habilidades básicas de modificación del comportamiento a cuidadores se tornó indispensable. En el presente trabajo se probó la efectividad de un taller cuyo objetivo fue proveer de herramientas a padres y cuidadores de infantes para el trabajo directo con sus hijos en la enseñanza de habilidades de autocuidado y comunicación, y para el manejo de conductas no adaptativas basadas en Análisis Conductual Aplicado. Se llevaron a cabo cinco sesiones mediante videoconferencia en la cual se demostraron y practicaron distintas habilidades de manejo conductual. Los resultados mostraron que los padres mejoraron sus habilidades y dominio de principios básicos del comportamiento, además de que evaluaron de manera positiva al taller. Finalmente, se discute la relevancia de los servicios de Telesalud para facilitar el acceso a servicios especializados en situaciones de emergencia y en poblaciones sin acceso a éstos.
A problem frequently reported by caregivers of children is food-refusal behavior. Evidence shows that this problem is exacerbated in children with a diagnostic of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). In Mexico the prevalence of these problems on this population is unknown. The aim of this study was to conduct an exploratory and descriptive study of the prevalence and characteristics of eating behavior in children diagnosed with ASD. Parents or caregivers of children with a diagnosis of ASD were asked to answer a questionnaire, expressly prepared to obtain sociodemographic data of both parents and children, information of difficult and problematic behavior at mealtime, feeding practices, food preferences, medical information and food consumption by the family and children. It was found that 62.2% of children presented eating behavior problems at mealtime, the most frequent was leaving the table and food refusal. Children with behavior problems ate les food than children without behavior problems. Also a correlation between the number of foods consumed by the family and the child was found. The results of this study represent an initial approximation to the evaluation of pediatric feeding problems in children with ASD in a Mexican population.
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