Cost is the main factor to run a project. Projects of renewable hybrid power plants that typically built in rural area have limited development funds. Thus, these plants should be based on an effectiveness and efficiency in order to meet the load demands with a certain reliability index. This work explains minimum cost by optimizing the cost of the power plants, Nett Present Cost or NPC, with an Equivalent Loss Factor (ELF) index to supply typical villages needs (200 kW), with the source of wind, solar, micro hydro and fuel cell. The result of this optimization includes batteries are used as an energy storage, which are considered as a source in the optimization process. The simulation by PSO method is proposed to solve the optimization problems. The simulation produces the equation function between Cost of Energy, LCOE and a reliability ELF index by y =-0.016ln (x) + 0.0131. The lower ELF index the higher LCOE value, according to the equation function.
Pulau Lombok mempunyai potensi pembangkit listrik tenaga air terutama yang bersekala kecil seperti PLTM. Karena, pulau memiliki gunung Rinjani yang kawasan hutannya masih terawat dengan baik. Salah satunya adalah daerah aliran sungai Kumbi di desa Lebah Sempage, Kecamatan Narmada Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Potensi tenaga listrik yang dapat dihasilkan pada lokasi tersebut sebesar 1.300 kW. Adapun, pembangunan pusat pembangkit dapat dilaksanakan apabila mendapat kepastian bahwa listrik yang diproduksi harus dapat tersalurkan sepenuhnya ke beban. Produksi listrik PLTM Kumbi akan disalurkan melalui Sistem Interkoneksi Lombok. Dimana, sistem interkoneksi tersebut harus mampu menyalurkan tambahan daya yang diproduksi oleh PLTM Kumbi sebesar 1.300 kW. Sehingga diperlukan suatu kajian interkoneksi PLTM Kumbi 1.300 kW ke Sistem Interkoneksi Lombok. Untuk memastikan produksi listrik yang dihasilkan oleh PLTM dapat tersalurkan dengan baik. Kajian interkoneksi tersebut akan menganalisis aliran daya dan short circuit dengan menggunakan simulasi computer. Interkoneksi PLTM ke jaringan disimulasikan pada tahun 2021. Dari hasil simulasi didapatkan bahwa daya yang dihasilkan oleh PLTM dapat tersalurkan dengan baik tanpa perlu mengganti peralatan proteksi yang telah ada pada jaringan. Kata Kunci: Energi Terbarukan, Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Minihidro (PLTM), Distributed Generator, Aliran Daya, Hubung Singkat
Electrical load in industrial sector is mainly inductive that requires large amount of reactive power supply. Large reactive power consumption may give problems to electrical power supply and distribution system such as lower power factor, higher power loss for both electrical power distribution system and all electrical power devices connected in it, and higher voltage drop in electrical power distribution system. Therefore, a measure known as reactive power compensation (VAR compensation) by connecting power capacitor as reactive power source need to be taken. However, VAR compensation measure may give other problems to the electrical power supply and distribution system. This paper describes effects of using capacitor for VAR compensation to the quality of electrical power supply and distribution system based on simulation run with Matlab Simulink software. Three different kinds of VAR compensation method are analysed i.e., connecting a small capacitor for each inductive load, connecting a large capacitor at the electrical power supply side in which its reactive power flow is controlled by SVC (static VAR compensator) method and connecting a large capacitor at the electrical power supply side in which its reactive power flow is controlled by TSC (thyristor switched capacitor) method. Analysis results show that all the three VAR compensation methods successfully improve or increase power factor of the electrical power supply and distribution system close to unity. However, both the SVC and TSC VAR compensation methods increase harmonic content of voltage and current of the electrical power supply and distribution system as indicated by its high total harmonic distortion (THD) value. On contrary, the VAR compensation method by connecting a small capacitor for each inductive load brings no effect on increasing of harmonic content of voltage and current of the electrical power supply and distribution system.
Anggota karang taruna RW 14 di desa Ciwaruga sebagian besar merupakan pekerja bangunan. Kadang, mereka dituntut untuk melakukan pekerjaan instalasi listrik. Karena tidak semua pekerja bangunan mengerti pekerjaan dan syarat-syarat instalasi listrik, maka mereka bekerja seadanya tanpa memperhatikan syarat-syarat dan keamanan instalasi listrik yang sebenarnya telah diatur pada PUIL 2011 (Persyaratan Umum Instalasi Listrik 2011). Dari permasalahan tersebut, solusi yang ditawarkan adalah melakukan kegiatan bimbingan teknis untuk meningkatkan kompetensi anggota karang taruna RW14 desa Ciwaruga dalam Instalasi Listrik Bangunan Sederhana dan mengenalkan sertifikasi keahlian yang harus dimiliki oleh instalatur listrik apabila melakukan pekerjaan instalasi listrik. Metode pelaksanaan bimbingan teknis ini berupa pemberian test, materi dan evaluasi. Materi yang diberikan dalam kegiatan tersebut adalah; K3, Kelistrikan dan Pengukuran, Gambar Listrik dan Praktik Instalasi Listrik yang mengacu pada PUIL 2011. Kegiatan ini dapat dikatakan berhasil, ini terlihat dari hasil tes yang diberikan sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan bimbingan teknis diberikan. Saat diberikan pre-test, peserta tampak belum begitu memahami materi yang akandiberikan. Sedangkan setelah diberikan materi, dari hasil post-test yang diberikan terlihat banyak peserta yang memahami materi yang telah diberikan. Kata kunci: Instalasi listrik, peningkatan kompetensi, PUIL 2011
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