During the day and at night SPL always surpasses the permissible noise exposure for 24 h of 45 db(A) recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Alarms cause the most irritating noise. Hospital management should pay attention to internal noise, and SPL should be measured routinely.
An effective Poisson's ratio is introduced for anisotropic materials as the negative ratio of transverse and longitudinal strains averaged over all transverse directions. It is shown that for certain orientations of the applied force this effective Poisson's ratio assumes negative values for a-quartz. This implies that such a bar increases its cross section under length extension.
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