The whiteXy Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) has caused notable damage to vegetable and cotton crops in the eastern Mediterranean region since about 1994, and has become particularly problematic in southern Turkey beginning in 2000. The development of squash silverleaf symptoms in Cucurbita species and the unprecedented high population levels in the region suggested that the B biotype, notable for the latter phenotypes, had been introduced. To test this hypothesis and determine the host distribution of the suspect introduced B biotype and its associated natural enemies, B. tabaci immature instars and adults, and the associated natural enemies were collected from cultivated and uncultivated plant species. From the southern Turkey collections, B. tabaci was found to colonize 152 species from 43 plant families. Of the plant species upon which B. tabaci was found to reproduce, 152 of them were reported as hosts of B. tabaci in Turkey. Five species of predators and two species of parasitoids were identiWed as natural enemies of the B biotype of B. tabaci in southern Turkey. Using the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene all B. tabaci were identiWed as the B biotype of the B. tabaci complex, at 96-100% shared identity with reference B biotype sequences. Results indicate that this invasive biotype has displaced the local Turkey-cotton haplotype that was known to occur previously in southern Turkey.

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Effect of temperature on development, mortality, fecundity, and reproduction of Aphis rumicis L. (Homoptera: Aphididae) on broadleaf dock (Rumex obtusifolius) and Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris vulgaris var. cida) Abstract Temperature effects on developmental period, survival rate, and reproductive capacity of Aphis rumicis L. were studied on Broadleaf dock and Swiss chard at four constant temperatures (17.5°C, 20°C, 22.5°C, and 25°C). The developmental time of immature stages ranged from 10.9 days at 17.5°C to 6.5 days at 25°C on Broadleaf dock, and 11.8 days at 17.5°C to 6.5 days at 25°C on Swiss chard. The total percentage of survivorship of immature stages varied from 54.2% and 67.6% 17.5°C-25°C on Broadleaf dock, and 49.7% and 62.4% at 17.5°C-25°C on Swiss chard. The largest r m value occurred with 0.2845 at 25°C on Broadleaf dock and with 0.2785 at 25°C on Swiss chard. The results obtained on this study indicated that Swiss chard was a less favorable host of the A. rumicis than Broadleaf dock. The optimal temperature for A. rumicis growth, developmental time, and reproduction was 22.5°C-25°C.

SummaryThis study investigated Thysanoptera species, their distribution, and seasonal abundance and relation to plant phenology in vineyard areas of Mardin province, in 2012Mardin province, in -2013. Surveys were conducted once in every three weeks in total of 22 vineyards of 8 districts of Mardin province between March and November according to plant phenology. Thrips were collected by beating plants in the field or by examining plant samples and the method of culturing in the laboratory. A total of 19 Thysanoptera species were recorded. The first six species in terms of the total number of individuals recorded monthly were determined as Haplothrips globiceps (Bagnall), Frankliniella tenuicornis (Uzel), Aeolothrips spp., Neohydatothrips gracilicornis (Williams), H. tritici and Rubiothrips vitis (Pries.). Haplothrips globiceps was determined as the major species in terms of prevalence and the density in all areas where the study was conducted.Keywords: Vineyard, Haplothrips globiceps, distribution, seasonal abundance ÖzetBu çalışma Mardin ili bağ alanlarındaki Thysanoptera türleri, yayılış alanları, önemli türlerin mevsimsel yoğunluğu ve bitki fenolojisi ile ilişkisini belirlemek amacıyla 2012-2013 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Sürveyler 8 ilçede toplam 22 bağda bitkinin fenolojik dönemlerine göre Mart ve Kasım ayları arasında üç haftada bir yapılmıştır. Thripslerin toplanmasında arazide darbe metodu, laboratuvarda ise gözle kontrol ve kültüre alma metodu kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışma sonucunda bağ alanlarında Thysanoptera takımına bağlı 3 familyaya ait 19 adet thrips türü tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca önemli türlerin aylara göre dağılımı belirlenerek, toplam birey sayısı bakımından ilk altı sırada

The determination of control possibilities against harmful Thrips species in vineyard areas in Mardin province In this research, the determination of control possibilities against harmful thrips species in vineyard areas in Mardin province were investigated. Bioinsecticide trials were done in the vineyards between 2012-2013. In experiments, the highest rate of effect in the vineyards has been taken by 20 ml dose of spinosad with 93.11% and 500 ml dose of the azadirachtin with 89.60%, respectively. As a result of trials, efficacy of doses decreased daily while the highest effect was at the end of 7th day and the lowest effect occurred at the end of the 15th day. In addition, trials were carried out in order to determine the orientation and capture of the visual blue and yellow sticky traps of harmful thrips species. By comparing numbers of captured individuals in the blue sticky, it was determined that numbers of captured individuals in the blue sticky traps hanged in vineyard area was notably high.

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Phytophagus coccinellid belong to Epilacchninae sub-family are very different the other coccinellid, and found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Henosepilachna elaterii Rossi. feeds on plants of Cucurbitacae family in groups in Europe, Africa and Asia. This pest is found the south Europe, Mediterranean regions, and south of Center Europe. Henosepilachna elaterii is a serious pest of watermelon and cantaloupe, and is a common pest in Aegean region and Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. This species is a vector as different virus disease from health plant to disease plant. This study was carried out to determine biological parameters of Henosepilachna elaterii Rossi. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) feeded on watermelon cultivars (Sürme, Galactica, Crimson sweet, Crimson tide and Sugar baby). The trials were made in laboratory conditioned at 16:8 h (day:night) and in 65 ± 5 % relative humidity at 25 ±1 ºC temperature. Data was collected on effect of host plants cultivars on preadult periods. Total development time at prematuring period was shortest at 25 ± 1°C on Crimson tide cultivar as 24.41 days and longest as 25.01 days on Sürme cultivars.

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