The chemical composition of atmospheric particulate material collected at the geographic South Pole indicates that Al, Sc, Th, Sm, V, Mn, Eu, Fe, La, Ce, Co, Cr, Na, K, Mg, and Ca are derived from either crustal weathering or the ocean. The relatively volatile elements Zn, Cu, Sb, Se, Pb, and Br are apparently derived from other sources. Because of their volatility, vapor-phase condensation or a high-temperature dispersion source is suspected for these elements or their compounds.

Elemental concentration data on up to 84 individual constituents in BHVO‐1, MAG‐1, QLO‐1, RGM‐1, SCo‐1, SDC‐1, SGR‐1 and STM‐1 have been collected from 311 journal articles and technical reports. These data are summarized in consensus (mean) values with uncertainties expressed as one standard deviation. Mean values are also calculated as a function of analytical procedure and all raw data are given in the tables. Ce rapport rassemble des données analytiques parues dans 311 articles scientifiques ou rapports techniques sur 84 éléments dans huit échantillons du Service Géologique des Etats‐Unis: BHVO‐1, MAG‐1, QLO‐1, RGM‐1, SCo‐1, SDC‐1, SGR‐1 et STM‐1. Quand cela a été possible, les valeurs de consensus (moyenne) sont présentées pour chaque élément avec l'incertitude exprimée en un écart‐type. Des valeurs moyennes en fonction des procédures analytiques sont également présentées.

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Concentration data on up to 82 individual constituents in USGS Basalt BCR‐1 have been collected from 1395 journal articles and technical reports. These data are summarized in consensus (mean) values with uncertainties expressed as ± one standard deviation. Mean values are also calculated as a function of analytical procedure and all raw data are given in the tables. Recommended values are proposed based upon data criteria used by NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology, formerly the National Bureau of Standards or NBS).

Trace elements were extracted from a coal-fired power plant electrostatic precipitator ash with nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, redistilled water, and ammonium hydroxide as extractants. Effluent waters at this plant were sampled to assess the elevation of trace element concentrations compared with intake waters. The results showed a positive correlation between those elements most extractable by water (B, F, Mo, and Se) or acid (As, B, Cd, F, Mo, and Se) and those elements most elevated in effluent waters (As, B, F, Mo, and Se).

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We report the first measurements of both particulate and gas phase bromine in the Arctic troposphere. Data from continuous sampling of the Arctic aerosol over a period of 4 years (1976)(1977)(1978)(1979)(1980) indicate that the bromine content in the aerosol averages 6 + 4 ngBr/SCM (5 + 3 pptm Br) for 9 months of every year. During the 3-month period between February 15 and May 15, however, we observed an annual sharp maximum in particulate bromine with levels exceeding 100 ngBr/SCM (82 pptm Br). The Arctic aerosol showed no bromine enrichment relative to seawater except for this 3 month peak period. During the bromine maximum, enrichment factors reached 40 with average values near 10. Calculations of the amount of excess bromine in the Arctic aerosol showed that over 90% of the-peak bromine had an origin other than from direct bulk seawater injection. Total levels of gas phase bromine in the Arctic troposphere found during the peak aerosol period averaged 422 + 48 ngBr/SCM (118 + 14 pptv). Total bromine content during this period averaged 474 + 49 ngBr/SCM with gas-to-particle ratios ranging from 7 to 18. A measurement under nonpeak conditions showed total bromine levels at < 25 ngBr/SCM. The possibility that local contamination contributed to the seasonal development of the 3-month bromine peak was carefully considered and ruled out. Elevated particulate bromine levels, with peak values ranging from 22 to 30 ngBr/SCM, were also found at Ny-,&lesund, Spitsbergen (Norway). The apparent seasonal nature of this bromine peak suggests that the large bromine maximum observed at Barrow is not an isolated or unique phenomenon characteristic of that sampling location. The level of total bromine in the Arctic troposphere during the 3-month maximum was found to exceed all measurements made in the natural troposphere by up to an order of magnitude. When compared to the natural background levels, the results presented in this paper indicate that the bromine concentrations in the Arctic troposphere are the highest found anywhere in the world. Moyers and Duce, 1972a; Lovelock, 1975; Rahn et al., 1976; Singh et al., 1977, 1983-1. Smaller anthropogenic sources have been identified and include the production of (1) CH3Br, used as a soil fumigant; (2) tetrabromobisphenol-A, used as a flame retardant in printed circuit boards; (3) CF3Br, used as a fire retardant and refrigerant; and (4) C2H,•Br2, together with assorted brominated additives, used in automotive and other fossil fuels. The relative intensities of the various global sources of atmospheric bromine compounds, however, remain largely unknown. In addition, recent stratospheric measurements [-e.g., Sedlacek et al., 1979; Berg et al., 1980-1 have raised the possibility that one or more additional sources for atmospheric bromine near the earth's surface remain to be identified.