Background: The re-emerging of infectious disease outbreaks is a menace in Ghana. As the acceptance of risk communication rises, health workers are using it to control outbreaks. Yet, research in risk communication and health workers' performance remains unexplored in Ghana. Objective: This study explores how risk communication works among nurses and its effect on their task (behaviors that are delineated based on role requirements and identified by a thorough analysis of the job) and contextual performance (behaviors that do not fall within the employee's assigned duties, but are a very important part of job performance). Thus, we adopted the CAUSE model, which proposes that effective risk communication creates five goals (Confidence, Awareness, Understanding, Satisfaction, and Enactment) amongst communicators. Method: This study involves a quantitative approach complemented with qualitative data. It was conducted in three hospitals in Ghana, from which a sample of 398 nurses were selected. Result: The result depicts that risk communication has a significant and positive effect on task performance (β = .65; P < .001), and contextual performance (β = .55; P < .001). Conclusion: Our study shows that confidence is the strongest predictor of risk communication in influencing task and

This paper analyzes the effect of liquidity and financial leverage on firm performance of manufacturing industries quoted on the Ghana Stock Exchange from six different sectors from 2007-2015. We choose ROA and ROE as proxy variables for enterprise performance. We use fixed effect model and random effect model for modeling, and choose the more appropriate model. The empirical results of the study indicated that liquidity (LIQ) measured by current assets to current liabilities has a positive significant effect on return on equity (ROE) used as performance. The study finds out that the effect of financial leverage has a strong positive impact on firm performance (ROA&ROE) with 65% of debt used to finance firm assets which in some extent has a great influence on firm performance. The study recommends management to minimize the use of debt financing and rather use more of their retained earnings for their operations to avoid bankruptcy soon.

Assessing the risk perception of workers can be very informative in predicting their behavioral outcomes, including task and contextual performance. Yet, research to assess the effect of risk perception on task performance and contextual performance remains scarce. Thus, this study explored the effect of risk perception of work-related musculoskeletal disorders on task and contextual performance in nurses. This study further examined safety behavior as a mediator of these relationships. Using structural equation modeling, the researchers examined these relationships by employing a cross-sectional survey with a quantitative approach. The data was collected via questionnaires from 382 nurses who work in three major hospitals in Accra Metropolis, Ghana. The results showed that nurses’ risk perception positively influenced their task and contextual performance, and that safety behavior partially mediated the effects of risk perception on task and contextual performance. This study offers a theoretical framework and empirical evidence for the concept of risk perception and its association with safety behavior, task, and contextual performance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the relationships that exist among these variables. Thus, future studies are needed to verify the causality of the relationships.

Innovation and international trade are crucial determinants of economic growth. Research on economic growth has mainly focused on the possible link between innovation and economic growth as well as the link between international trade and economic growth. Yet, research on the nexus that exists among innovation, international trade, and economic growth has remained unexplored. Moreover, research on the individual contributing factor of innovation and international trade to economic growth in the same study has equally remained unexplored. Thus, to address these gaps, this study evaluated the connection among all three variables. It further examined the individual contributing factor of innovation and international trade to economic growth.Annual time-series data of the Ghanaian economy over a period of 2000-2019 was employed in this study. The findings established that all three variables: innovation, international trade, and economic growth cointegrated. This implies that there was a long-run equilibrium association between all three variables. The study further estimated long-run cointegration parameters using the fully modified ordinary least squares and dynamic ordinary least squares.The results proved that there was evidence of a positive correlation between economic growth and innovation, while there was a negative correlation between economic growth and international trade. F I G U R E 1 Granger causality framework for the study. HTE, high-technological exports; PAN, patents by nonresidents; PAR, patents by residents; PAT, patents by both residents and nonresidents; RRD, researchers in research and development activities; RDE, research and development activities; STJ, scientific and technical journals published papers

This paper examines the impact of poverty on health-related issues in the northern part of Ghana for the period between 1980 and 2017. A secondary data from Ghana Statistical Service Department and the World Bank database was use for the study and a Stata was used in estimating the impact.Results from the study show that, poverty has a great influence on health in the Northern part of Ghana. The study also revealed that, health facilities available in the regions are not fully equipped to solve infant and maternal issues in the regions. Trained public health workers and health services providers are inadequate in the regions hence health education is lacking among pregnant and lactating mothers in the areas of nutrition and malaria prevention.The study, therefore, recommends that government should improve the standard of living among people in the northern regions by providing job opportunities for citizens. There should also be an enhancing health services in the regions, assisting peasants' farmers with modern methods of crop production, and providing equal opportunities for men and women in the regions.