ABSTRAKAvian influenza (AI) merupakan penyakit yang sangat mematikan pada ayam buras. Vaksinasi AI merupakan salah satu alternatif pencegahan penyakit AI. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas vaksin AI pada ayam buras yang dipelihara dengan sistem kandang kurung di Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta. Sebanyak 110 ekor ayam buras yang terdiri dari 100 ekor dara dan 10 ekor jantan digunakan dalam penelitian ini.

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi total bakteri, Staphylococcus aureus (S. Aureus), koliform, dan Escherichia coli (E. ), odds ratio (OR), dan relative risk (RR) digunakan untuk menentukan faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi total bakteri, S. aureus, koliform, dan E. coli pada susu kambing. Faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi total bakteri, S. aureus, koliform, dan E. coli dalam susu kambing adalah kebersihan kandang, tempat penampung susu, pengetahuan personal hygiene pemerah susu, mencuci ambing sebelum diperah, waktu dan banyaknya pemerahan.Kata kunci: Bakteri; susu kambing; faktor risiko ABSTRACTThe objective of this research is to determine the risk factors that affect the total bacteria, S. aureus, coliform, and E. coli in goat milk against SNI No 01-6366-2000 requirements. A total of 16 samples of goat milk from Sleman district were analyzed for total bacteria, S. aureus, coliform using dilution plate count, whereas E. coli count was based on biochemical reaction. Management of each dairy goat farm was recorded using questionnaires. The risk factors of total bacteria, S. aureus, coliform, and E. coli in goat milk were determined based on chi square ( χ 2 ) bivariate analysis, odds ratio (OR), and relative risk (RR). The risk factors that affected total bacteria, S. aureus, coliform, and E. coli in goat milk are cleanliness of stall, milk containers, personal knowledge of dairy hygiene, washing of the udder before milking, the time and the amount of milking.

The effects of supplementation of biopls and rater in fiber rich ration on lambs. The assessment on the use of probiotic, which were bioplus and rater on lambs was carried out in two stages, the first stage was selection of the best ration among 12 experimental rations tested in vitro. The second stage was in vivo assessment using 50 rams which were divided into 2 treatments of ration. Treatment 1 (P1) was using the hihgest in vitro dry matter digestibility ration and treatment 2 (P2) was P1supplemented with bioplus and rater. Observation was carried out on daily feed consumption, average dailygains and financial margin. The results showed that ration containing 30% maize cobs, 10% peanut straw and 10% peanut shells, had the highest dry matter digestibility. Supplementation of bioplus and rater, increased daily weight gain (P<0.05) and profit margin calculated as an income over feed cost.

The objective of study was to determine the effect of calf starter in the pre-weaning calves against the daily body weight gain. Twenty Ongole grade (PO) calves age of 1 month divided into 4 treatment groups of feed, 5 calves for each treatment. Treatment (P1) fed with extra soybean groats; (P2) soybean groats 50% + Gliricidia 50%; (P3) soybean groats 50%+ rice bran 50%; (P4) soybean groats 50%+ rejected bread 50%. Calf starter was given at age 1 month to 3 months. Observation was carried out on calves daily weight gain. This experiment was designed in Completely Randomized Design. Data was  analyzed by analysis of variance and continued Least Significant Difference Test. Statistical analysis showed that feed of (P <0.05) significantly affected the daily weight gain of the calves. Results of the study can be concluded that calf starter with soya groats provide the best daily weight gain of pre-weaning calf.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the substitution of the rice bran and cassava meal by leftover bread in the diet of dairy cattle on milk production. The design of the experiment used was Latin Square Design. Five dairy cows were used in this trial, with five treatments of feed. Treatment (P1) the used of leftover bread as much as 30%, (P2) used leftover bread as much as 22.5%, (P3) the use of leftover bread as much as 15%, (P4) the use of leftover bread by 7.5% and (P5) use leftover bread by 0%. The feed was given for four weeks, then the feed intake and milk production were observed. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance, if there were differences continued with Duncan Range Test. Results showed that the replacement of the rice bran and cassava meal up to 30% had no effect on feed intake and milk production. It can be concluded that the use of leftover bread to substitute rice bran and cassava can be done up to 30%.

<p>Identification, Production, dan Potential Kerandang as Alternative Sources of Food and Animal Feed. Kerandang is legume wich grows wildly in the coastal area. Kerandang utilization is expected to increase the economic value useful for local sources of revenue. The aim of this research was to identify and to determine the productivity and nutrient contain in kerandang. This reasearch done through two steps. Firs step was identification of plant species and determination of productivity and its secondary products. The second step was proximate analyzed to leaf, seed, skin seed and pod. The result showed that kerandang plant was family of Fabaceae, Genus of Canavalia, species of Canavalia virosa. Production and nutrient content of seeds and its secondary products varied so that the species has the potential to be developed as a source of protein food and feed, while the leaves, skin seed and pod are potential as are source of ruminant feed.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Tanaman kerandang merupakan tanaman kacang-kacangan yang tumbuh liar di lahan pasir. Pemanfaatan tanaman kerandang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan nilai ekonomi yang berguna bagi sumber pendapatan masyarakat setempat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi tanaman kerandang, mengetahui produksi dan kandungan nutrisi biji serta limbah kerandang. Penelitian dilakukan 2 tahap, tahap I ialah identifikasi tanaman kerandang dan mengukur produksi biji serta hasil samping kerandang. Tahap II ialah analisis kandungan nutrisi pada biji, daun, kulit biji, dan kulit polong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman kerandang termasuk famili Fabaceae, genus Canavalia, spesies Canavalia virosa. Produksi dan kandungan nutrisi biji cukup tinggi serta limbah kerandang cukup bervariasi sehingga berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai sumber protein pangan maupun pakan, sedangkan daun, kulit biji, dan kulit polong berpotensi sebagai sumber pakan ternak ruminansia.</p><p> </p>

This study aims to determine the effect of Liquid and Solid Organic fertilizers from Urine and feces of Cows on Rice Production. It was conducted on March-July, 2019 in Siti Mulyo village, Piyungan sub-district, and Bawuran village, Pleret sub-district, Bantul regency, Indonesia. Furthermore, about 74 farmers were included and were divided into three differing patterns (A, B, and C) of 16, 30 28 respectively. Farmers in A and B conducted solid and liquid organic fertilizer application methods for 4 ton/ha and 3.2 liter/ha. The rice planting system of A was similar Tajarwo 4:1 while B appeared as squares (25 cm × 25 cm). Pattern C farmers used fertilizer and rice planting systems according to their habits. The variables observed were plant height at harvest, number of productive tillers, panicle length, amount of grain/panicle, amount of green grain/panicle, and dry gain production. Data were analysed using analysis of variance and Duncan Multiple Range Test for significant differences. The results of the study showed that the growth of rice cropping patterns A, B, and C were not different. However, rice production was significantly different, where pattern A, B, and C was 8.36 ± 1.48 t ha-1, 7.84 ± 1.24 t ha-1 and 7.48 ± 0.54 t ha-1 respectively.

Presence of Staphylococcus aureus in goat milk and dairy product could lead to human illness. The aim of the present study was to characterize S. aureus isolated from goat milk and its products. The samples used in these studies ABSTRAKKeberadaan Staphylococcus aureus pada susu kambing dan produk olahannya dapat menyebabkan penyakit pada manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk isolasi dan karakterisasi S. aureus dari susu kambing dan produk olahannya. Susu kambing dan produk olahannya yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini d iambil dari peternakan kambing dan tempat pengolahan susu kambing di kabupaten Sleman. Isolasi S. aureus berdasarkan reaksi biokimia. Karakterisasi S. aureus dilakukan terhadap hemolisin, klumping faktor, koagulase, dan sensitifitas antibiotik. Hemolisin d itentukan dengan kulture pada b lood agar plate, sedangkan klumping faktor dengan slide agglutination test. Mencampur plasma kelinci dengan kulture cair S. aureus dalam tabung reaksi digunakan untuk deteksi koagulase, sedangkan sensitifitas antibiotik dengan agar difusi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa susu kambing dengan jumlah S. aureus yang masih memenuhi ketetapan SNI No 01-6366-2000 sebanyak 86%. S. aureus dari susu kambing memiliki karakter tidak hemolitik 80%, klumping faktor positif 20%, koagulase positif 40%, resisten terhadap ampisilin dan penisilin 30%, sedangkan terhadap eritromisin, neomisin, sulfonamide, dan tetrasiklin masing-masing 10%. Kata kunci: karakterisasi, Staphylococcus aureus, susu kambing PENDAHULUAN1Staphylococcus aureus merupakan bakteri Gram positif, bersifat fakultatif anaerob, tidak menghasilkan spora, tidak bergerak, katalase positif, oksidase negatif, berbentuk coccus dan banyak terdapat pada permukaan kulit manusia maupun