A B S T R A C T ERLAND LINDER, Meaeuremnb of n m l and collateral c o r~z a r y blood floru by closearterial and intram~ocardial injection of Kryptona6 and Xenon1". Acta phyeiol. ecand. 1966. 68. Suppl. 272. 5-31.A recent method for measuring collateral blood flow in the myocardium of dogs was based on an analysis of the composite clearance of KryptonE6 administered close-arterially (JOHANSSON, LINDEIE and SEEMAN 1964, 1966).This method has been critically analysed and various sources of possible errow in the estimations are discussed. Comparisons between paired measurements by this technique and results obtained by recordings of the wash-out rate of intramuscularly injected Xenonl" depots, in the well-perfused and ischemic myocardial areas respectively, strongly suggest that the method is fairly accurate and reliable, despite the fact that it has obvious theoretical limitations.The results also reveal that the collateral flow to the ischemic area is not entirely uniform. Within a narrow border zone there is a steep reduction of blood flow, with a more gradual diminution towards central parts of the ischemic zone. This regional heterogeneity in collateral flow could not for several reasons, be analysed in exact detail from the composite curve alone, but was revealed by recordings of clearance of strictly localized, intramuscular tracer injections.Peak flow during reactive hyperemia could also be fairly satisfactorily measured, provided certain precautions were taken. The results suggest that it is, in addition, possible to make a fair estimation of the mass of the ischemic tissue from the composite curve.The method may prove to be useful in experimental studies designed to investigate different means for improving collateral blood supply to a n ischemic myocardial area.
Roentgen examination plays an important role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pulmonary edema of different types. Especially in the pulmonary edema in uremic patients, the diagnosis is mandatory. The first roentgenologic description of this type of edema in uremic patients was given by ROUBIER and PLAUCHAU (1934). Contributions by many authors, since then (HODSON 1950, SCHINZ et coll. 1952, ZALDIVAR & FARIGAS 1954, OLSSON 1954), have clearly distinguished it from congestive pulmonary changes in heart failure. The uremic pulmonary edema is characterized by central changes, surrounded by a free peripheral zone of normal lung parenchyma, 2 to 4 cm in thickness and slightly broader at the lobe limits (Fig. 1). I t has been called 'butterfly edema' or 'bat's wing shadow edema'. Such pictorial names obviously do not belong in scientific radiology, and in this case do not correspond to the most characteristic roentgenologic feature, i. e. the central location of the changes, which are very marked in the hilar region around the tracheal bifurcation and corresponding parts of the esophagus. The initial changes are therefore usually best demonstrated in a lateral view. The heart size is often normal.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.