Anticancer drug Dacarbazine (DCB) has been used for the treatment for metastatic malignant melanoma. In our study, the biomolecular interaction between DCB and DNA was investigated electrochemically for the first time using single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) modified disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGEs). The SWCNT modified PGEs were optimized for advanced DNA sensing based on the response related to changes at the guanine oxidation signal. The oxidation signals of DCB and guanine were respectively measured before/after surface confined interaction process using differantial pulse voltammetry (DPV) in the same voltammetric scale. The experimental parameters, such as DCB concentration and interaction time of DCB with fsDNA were studied. The detection of interaction between DCB and nucleic acids was also studied via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and gel electrophoresis. In addition, the effect of time‐dependent manner from 1 min to 10 min on the interaction of DCB with nucleic acids was explored upon to the changes at guanine signal of fsDNA as well as PCR samples by DPV technique.
The ionic liquid (IL) modified chemically activated (CA) pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) were developed for label‐free voltammetric detection of miRNA‐34a, and implemented to the real samples. Firstly, the electrochemical characterization of unmodified PGE, CA‐PGE, IL‐PGE and IL‐CA‐PGE was performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) as well as their DNA binding capacity was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. The microscopic characterization of the surface of each electrodes was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique was used for measuring the oxidation signal of guanine in order to perform a label‐free voltammetric monitoring of a full‐match hybridization specific to miRNA‐34a. The selectivity of biosensor was tested against to miRNA‐155, miRNA‐660 as well as to the mismatch sequence of miRNA‐34a. The further selectivity of this proposed biosensor was studied in the mixture of samples containing miRNA‐34a with other miRNAs (1 : 1). The voltammetric detection of miRNA‐34a was also explored in the artificial serum medium as fetal bovine serum (FBS) and also in total RNA samples isolated from HUH‐7 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.
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