Objective: Prostate biopsy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer by transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) is a common procedure used in daily urology practice with a low complication rate and easy applicability. In this study, the precipitating factors and prophylaxis for sepsis, the worst complication of the procedure, were assessed. Patients and Methods: 2,023 patients with suspected prostate cancer who underwent biopsy by TRUS in one center were assessed retrospectively. The relationship between sepsis and age, serum total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, PSA density, prostate volume, number of biopsies, number of repeated biopsies, accompanying diagnosis of prostatitis, presence of urethral catheter, and presence of diabetes mellitus was assessed. Data were analyzed using the t test and logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the 2,023 patients, 62 (3.06%) developed sepsis within 5 days after biopsy. There was no significant relationship between the biopsy and the above parameters using the logistic regression analysis. Using the t test, it was found that the number of biopsy cores (p < 0.001), presence of urethral catheter (p < 0.0001), and presence of diabetes mellitus (p < 0.0001) were predictive factors for sepsis. Conclusion: Sepsis is a rare but life-threatening complication after prostate biopsy by TRUS. Although preoperative prophylactic oral antibiotics and enema before biopsy have proven to be effective in decreasing urinary tract infection rates, patients with urethral catheter, diabetes mellitus or those to undergo biopsy from more sites than ten cores should be closely monitored after biopsy.

Diced cartilage is one of the most widely used camouflage technique in rhinoplasty. Its variable resorption rate creates issues in postoperative time period. Platelet-rich fibrin is an autologous concentrated blood derivative containing growth factors that accelerate tissue healing. The authors evaluate the effect of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF) on the viability of diced cartilage, which has been used for dorsum camouflage in rhinoplasty. Forty patients were randomly divided into two groups based on dorsal camouflage grafts: diced cartilage with I-PRF (study group) and diced cartilage without I-PRF (control group). Cartilage graft thickness was measured by linear superficial tissue ultrasound at the postoperative first week and the third month in both groups. The mean cartilage graft thickness loss between the first-week and third-month ultrasound measurements was 0.58 ± 0.21 mm in the study group and 0.82 ± 0.35 mm in the control group. There was significant volume loss in the control group. I-PRF was successful in reducing the resorption rate of diced cartilage on nasal dorsum by either increasing the viability or keeping its form. Sticky cartilage is an easily applicable and reliable technique that may be used to camouflage dorsal irregularities in rhinoplasty.

No abstract

The most convenient surgical procedure for benign thyroid diseases is still controversial. The aim of this study is to determine the recurrence rate and risk factors for recurrence after different thyroidectomy procedures in multinodular goiter patients. Patients were separated into two groups according to the detection of a recurrent nodule or not after thyroidectomy. Of the 748 patients, 216 (29%) had recurrence, while 532 had no recurrent nodule. The difference between surgical procedures described as subtotal (ST), near total (NT) and total thyroidectomy (TT) was statistically significant. Transient hypoparathyroidism was significantly higher in NT and TT, when compared to ST patients (P < 0.05). Young age, bilateral multinodular goiter and insufficient surgery are risk factors affecting recurrence for benign nodular thyroid disease. Currently, subtotal procedures should be discontinued and total or near total procedures should be preferred. Meanwhile, the probability of a higher risk of hypoparathyroidism should be kept in mind.

The study hypothesized the potential positive effects of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in postoperative rhinoplasty patients, such as better wound healing, less dead space, and less edema. The authors assessed PRF for nasal dorsum camouflage and studied its potential effects on nasal dorsal skin in rhinoplasty. Thirty-eight patients who underwent open approach primary rhinoplasty were categorized into two groups: nasal dorsal PRF group and control group. PRF membrane was used for nasal dorsum camouflage and laid over the bony dorsum and cartilage framework of the supratip area. Skin and subcutaneous soft tissue thickness were measured by linear superficial tissue ultrasound at the pre- and postoperative first week and the third month in both groups. Mean skin thickness over the supratip area was significantly higher in the control group in the first-week control. There were no significant differences in both first-week and third-month controls' nasal dorsum mean skin thickness measurements between the two groups. Regarding PRF complications, we encountered no complications in either group, including scarring, hematoma, infection, skin discoloration, and acne. The authors present the application of PRF membrane over the bony dorsum and cartilage framework of the supratip area. They observed its positive effect on postoperative edema, especially in the early postoperative period. Long-term investigations have to be performed to evaluate its potential effect on the rhinoplasty procedure. This was a level of evidence 3 study.