On-demand manufacturing of direct compressible tablets: can formulation be simplified?Cite this article as: Mohammad A. Azad, On-demand manufacturing of direct compressible tablets: can formulation be simplified?, Pharmaceutical Research,
We combine data from longitudinal surveys in seven low- and middle-income countries (plus the United States for comparison) to document that depressive symptoms among those aged 55 and above are prevalent in those countries and, unlike in the United States, increase sharply with age. Depressive symptoms in one survey wave are associated with a greater decline in ability to carry out basic daily activities and a higher probability of death in the next wave. Using additional data from a panel survey we conducted in Tamil Nadu with a focus on elderly living alone, we document that social isolation, poverty, and physical health challenges are strongly correlated with depression. We discuss potential policy interventions in these three domains, including some results from our randomized control trials in the Tamil Nadu sample.
for excellent research assistance. We thank Miriam Sequeira for her insights. Financial assistance is provided by the NIA under grant number P01AG005842, and by the Tamil Nadu Government under the J-PAL-TNAGE partnership partnership. Many thanks to Aparna Krishna, of J-PAL, and Mr. Krishnan, of the Tamil Nadu government, for getting this partnership off the ground and overseeing the start of this project. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications.
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