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OBJECTIVEThe study objective was to evaluate how the use of a pervasive blood glucose monitoring (BGM) technology relates to glycemic control, report of self-care behavior, and emotional response to BGM of children with type 1 diabetes and their parents.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSForty-eight children aged less than 12 years (mean 8.8 years) with type 1 diabetes were randomly assigned to one of two study groups, a control group (conventional care without technology) or an experimental group (conventional care with technology), and followed for 12 months. Families in the experimental group were given the Automated Diabetes Management System (ADMS), which automatically collects blood glucose (BG) values and sends to parent(s) a 21-day BG trending report via e-mail each night. Measures of glycemic control (HbA1c) were collected at baseline and at quarterly diabetes clinic visits; BGM effect and diabetes self-care behavior measures were obtained at the baseline, 6-month, and 12-month visits.RESULTSChildren in the experimental group had significantly (P = 0.01) lower HbA1c at 12 months (7.44 ± 0.94, −0.35 from baseline) than controls (8.31 ± 1.24, +0.15 from baseline). Improvement in HbA1c was more profound in families using the ADMS more frequently. In addition, in these families, parents showed a significant improvement in BGM effect (P = 0.03) and children became more meticulous in diabetes self-care (P = 0.04). Children in both experimental and control groups experienced no change in their emotional response to BGM.CONCLUSIONSUsing the ADMS 1–3 times/week may help children with type 1 diabetes improve glycemic control and gain diabetes self-management skills, as well as improve the BGM effect of parents.

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NIST policy is to use the International System of Units (SI) in all publications. However, in this document, units are presented in the system prevalent in the relevant discipline, although in some cases more than one system of units may be presented.

A new approach to characterize airborne firebrands during Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) fires is detailed. The approach merges the following two imaging techniques in a single field-deployable diagnostic tool: (1) 3D Particle Tracking Velocimetry (3D-PTV), for timeresolved mapping of firebrand 3D trajectories, and (2) 3D Particle Shape Reconstruction (3D-PSR), to reconstruct 3D models of individual particles following the Visual Hull principle. This tool offers for the first time the possibility to simultaneously study time-resolved firebrand fluxes and firebrand size distribution to the full extent of their three-dimensional nature. Methodologies used in the present work are presented and their technical implementation are thoroughly discussed. Validation tests to confirm proper tracking/sizing of particles are detailed. The diagnostic tool is applied to a firebrand shower artificially generated at the NIST National Fire Research Laboratory. A novel graphic representation, that incorporates both the Cumulative Particle Count (CPC, particles m -2 ) and Particle Number Flux (PNF, particles m -2 s -1 ) as relevant exposure metrics, is presented and the exposure level is compared to that of an actual outdoor fire. Size distributions obtained for airborne firebrands are compared to those achieved through ground collection and strategies to improve the particle shape reconstruction method are discussed.

A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais, disponíveis em https://digitalis.uc.pt/pt-pt/termos. Conforme exposto nos referidos Termos e Condições de Uso, o descarregamento de títulos de acesso restrito requer uma licença válida de autorização devendo o utilizador aceder ao(s) documento(s) a partir de um endereço de IP da instituição detentora da supramencionada licença. Ao utilizador é apenas permitido o descarregamento para uso pessoal, pelo que o emprego do(s) título(s) descarregado(s) para outro fim, designadamente comercial, carece de autorização do respetivo autor ou editor da obra. Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso. On the use of time-resolved three-dimensional diagnostics to characterize firebrand showers in the WUI

The Structure Separation Project is a multi-phase project to assess structure-to-structure fire spread in Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) communities. The project is divided into three phases with each phase assessing radiant and convective heat exposures from different sizes of sources. Phase 1 considers sheds from 1.39 m 2 to 24.8 m 2 (15 ft 2 to 267 ft 2 ) as source structures while Phase 2 and Phase 3 will study heat exposures from auxiliary dwelling units [40.9 m² (440 ft 2 )] and single-family homes 92.90 m² (1000 ft 2 ), respectively. This outdoor experimental series is an extension of the indoor shed burn experiments performed to measure heat release rates and mass loss rates of sheds at the National Fire Research Laboratory (NFRL). The outdoor full-scale shed burn experiments will be conducted in the presence of an artificially generated wind field. Varying sizes of sheds containing wood cribs (as fire source) will be used to generate typical radiative and convective heat exposures on a target structure (assembly of an exterior wall with a window and a roof to represent a single-story residential building). The spacing between the source and target structure will be varied to determine minimum structure separation distance (SSD), which is defined as the shortest distance between the source and the target structure to prevent flame spread. The minimum SSD for combustible (wood) and non-combustible (steel) sheds will be identified.