Despite the advantages that 3D medical image analysis methods offer and the fast introduction of CT and MRI, to date most hospitals use radiographs to perform preoperative planning of hip surgeries and automatic analysis of hip radiographs is still of interest. In this paper, we present a novel method for segmentation of bone structures in anterior-posterior (AP) radiographs based on Active Appearance Models. The pelvis shape is decomposed in circular regions which reflect convex local arrangement of shape points. A priori global knowledge of the geometric structure of this region representation is captured by a statistical deformable template integrating a set of admissible deformations. The texture of each region is modeled separately, and we build a local Active Appearance Model for each region. A leave-one-out test was used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method and to compare it with conventional Active Appearance Model. The results demonstrate that the method is precise and very robust to large-scale noise present in radiographs, and that it can be useful in the context of preoperative planning of hip surgery.
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