BackgroundThe question whether euthanasia should be legalised has led to substantial public debate in France. The objective of this study in a sample of French physicians was to establish the potential determinants of a favourable opinion about euthanasia in general and when faced with a specific situation as embodied in the Humbert affair.MethodsThe study was a cross-sectional survey investigating two different samples of medical doctors: (1) those specialised in palliative care and affiliated to the French Society for Patient Accompaniment and Palliative Care; (2) medical interns (medical doctors in training course) in a French medical university (Marseille). A questionnaire was sent (email) to each voluntary participant including sociodemographics, professional status, mention of believing in God, and opinion about euthanasia (the question was designed to assess the general opinion about euthanasia and the opinion about a specific case, the Vincent Humbert’ case (a man who was rendered quadriplegic, blind, and mute after an accident and has requested euthanasia).ResultsA total of 413 physicians participated in the research (participation rate: 48.5 %). Less than half of the population were favourable to euthanasia in general and almost two-thirds of the population were favourable to Vincent Humbert’s request for euthanasia. Based on the multivariate analysis, individuals believing in God and being a medical intern were significant independent factors linked to having a favourable opinion about euthanasia in general and about the Vincent Humbert’s request.DiscussionThere is still no study in France on the development of opinion about euthanasia and its impact. The issue goes beyond the strictly professional sphere and involves broader socio-political stakes. These stakes do not necessarily take into account medical practices and experiences or the desires of end-of-life patients. The professional upheaval that the future French legal framework will doubtlessly trigger will require further research.ConclusionThe professional upheaval that the future French legal framework will doubtlessly trigger will require further research.
La psychologie sociale permet d'opérer une lecture individuelle et sociale des situations de souffrance associées à l'expérience de la maladie cancéreuse. Cette contribution vise à présenter un axe de recherche qui concerne l'impact potentiel des significations associées au cancer et aux modèles sociétaux du « faire-face ». L'analyse psychosociale des liens entre souffrance et cancer souligne le rôle de l'expérience collective dans l'élaboration de sens sur la souffrance mais aussi celui de l'imaginaire social dans l'élaboration des conduites individuelles. Ce type d'analyse permet à ce titre d'appréhender une part non négligeable des enjeux associés à l'interaction thérapeutique.Abstract: Social psychology makes it possible to link individual and social interpretations of the suffering associated with the experience of cancer. The aim of this field of psychology is to offer a branch of research that focuses on studying the potential impact of the meanings associated with cancer and societal models of coping. The psychosocial analysis of the links between suffering and cancer underlines the role of the collective experience in creating meaning with respect to suffering as well as the role of social imagery in the development of individual behaviour. This kind of analysis makes it possible to understand a significant number of the issues associated with therapeutic interaction.
Objectif : Cette étude qualitative vise à décrire les effets narratifs d'un protocole d'écoute musicale (musique classique) chez une patiente atteinte d'un cancer avancé, Mme M. (60 ans). Matériel et méthodes : Il s'agit d'un protocole d'écoute musicale composé de quatre étapes (temps) : l'entretien préliminaire (T1), un premier moment d'écoute musicale (T2), une deuxième rencontre d'écoute musicale (T3), l'entretien final (T4). Nous utilisons d'abord le logiciel T-Lab 9.1.3 pour le calcul des associations de mots (cooccurrences) et ensuite une interprétation du récit selon l'approche humaniste/existentielle. Résultats : Nous montrons les effets narratifs avant et après l'expérience d'écoute musicale. Plus précisément, dans un premier temps (T2), nous avons identifié un effet hédonique, sensoriel et imagé de la musique. Dans un second temps (l'entretien final, T4), nous avons observé un effet spirituel (mythologique et archétypique) de la musique classique centré sur l'évocation de l'image de la célèbre chanteuse française « Barbara ». Conclusion : Le « travail psychique avec la musique classique » peut non seulement éloigner le patient d'une narration somatique de la maladie (symptômes, plaintes, gènes et douleurs physiques), mais aussi générer des expériences corporelles agréables et une narration riche d'éléments symboliques et spirituels.
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