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Post-mortem biometrics entails utilizing the biometric data of a deceased individual for determining or verifying human identity. Due to fundamental biological changes that occur in a person's biometric traits after death, post-mortem data can be significantly different from ante-mortem data, introducing new challenges for biometric sensors, feature extractors and matchers. This paper surveys research to date on the problem of using iris images acquired after death for automated human recognition. A comprehensive review of existing literature is complemented by a summary of the most recent results and observations offered in these publications. This survey is unique in several elements. Firstly, it is the first publication to consider iris recognition where gallery images are acquired before death (perimortem images) and the probe images are acquired after death from the same subjects. Secondly, results are presented from the largest database of peri-mortem and post-mortem iris images, collected from 213 subjects by two independent institutions located in the U.S. and Poland. Thirdly, post-mortem recognition viability is assessed using more than 20 iris recognition algorithms, ranging from the classic (e.g., Gabor filteringbased) to the modern (e.g., deep learning-based). Finally, we provide a medically informed commentary on post-mortem iris, analyze the reasons for recognition failures, and identify key directions for future research.

The prevalence and manifestations of psychopathology of children with TS in a child psychiatry practice are not identical with those reported in the literature. Child psychiatrists should be particularly vigilant of depressive symptoms and expect to encounter relatively few conduct problems compared with children without TS. Establishing "local prevalence rates" for children with TS seeking psychiatric evaluation can help guide the diagnostician and make diagnosis more assured.

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Iris recognition of living individuals is a mature biometric modality that has been adopted globally from governmental ID programs, border crossing, voter registration and de-duplication, to unlocking mobile phones. On the other hand, the possibility of recognizing deceased subjects with their iris patterns has emerged recently. In this paper, we present an end-to-end deep learning-based method for postmortem iris segmentation and recognition with a special visualization technique intended to support forensic human examiners in their efforts. The proposed postmortem iris segmentation approach outperforms the state of the art and -in addition to iris annulus, as in case of classical iris segmentation methods -detects abnormal regions caused by eye decomposition processes, such as furrows or irregular specular highlights present on the drying and wrinkling cornea. The method was trained and validated with data acquired from 171 cadavers, kept in mortuary conditions, and tested on subject-disjoint data acquired from 259 deceased subjects. To our knowledge, this is the largest corpus of data used in postmortem iris recognition research to date. The source code of the proposed method are offered with the paper. The test data will be available through the National Archive of Criminal Justice Data (NACJD) archives.

Surround sound systems are produced with the intention of reproducing the spatial aspects of sound, such as localization and envelopment. As part of his work on Ambisonics, Gerzon developed two metrics, the velocity and energy localization vectors, which are intended to predict the localization performance of a system. These are used during the design process to optimize the decoder that supplies signals to the loudspeaker array. At best, subjective listening tests are conducted on the finished system, but no objective assessments of the spatial qualities are made to verify that the realized performance correlates the predictions. In the present work, binaural recordings were made of a 3-D 24-loudspeaker installation at Stanford’s Bing Studio. Test signals were used to acquire the binaural impulse response of each loudspeaker in the array and of Ambisonic reproduction using the loudspeaker array. The measurements were repeated at several locations within the hall. Subsequent analysis calculated the ITDs and ILDs for all cases. Initial results from the analysis of the ITDs and ILDs for the center listening position show ITDs, which correspond very closely to what is expected in natural hearing, and ILDs, which are similar to natural hearing.