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Introduction: In this study, we evaluate the relationship between increasing core numbers and cancer detection rate. Methods: We included 1120 patients with prostate-specific antigen levels ≤20 ng/mL and/or suspicious digital rectal examination findings in this study. All patients had a first-time prostate biopsy and 8, 10, 12, 16, and 20 core biopsies were taken and examined in different groups during the study. Multiple logistic regression analysis was made to reach the factor affecting the cancer detection rate between the patients with and without cancer. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 1120 patients, 221 (19.7%) had prostate cancer. Again of the total 1120 patients, 8 core biopsies were taken from 229 (20.4%); 10 core biopsies from 473 (42.2%); 12 core biopsies from 100 (8.9%); 16 core biopsies from 140 (12.5%); and 20 core biopsies from 178 (15.9%) patients. The increase in the core number increased the cancer detection rate by 1.06 times (p = 0.008). Conclusions: As long as prostate volume increases, increasing the core number elevates the cancer detection rate. Thus, the rate of missed cancer will be reduced and the rates of unnecessary repetitive biopsy decreases.

The results of the present study suggest that ozone may be used as an agent to protect the bladder from oxidative/nitrosative stress occurring in cystitis.

Introduction: We evaluated the correlation between the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grades and the aggressiveness grades of prostate inflammation in newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients with chronic asymptomatic prostatitis National Institiutes of Health (NIH) category IV (CAPNIHIV). Methods: The study comprised 357 consecutive patients with prostate cancer in whom a cancer diagnosis had been made via a prostate needle biopsy. Histological sections of the prostate biopsy specimens of the patients were reviewed and scored. Prostatic inflammation was scored using the aggressiveness grade of inflammation. The associations between the ISUP grades and the aggressiveness grades of inflammation were analyzed using logistic regression. The limitations of the study were its retrospective design and the limited number of cases. Results: In 110 (31%) patients, CAPNIHIV was detected: 56 (51%) patients had a grade 0 aggressiveness score, 34 (31%) patients had a grade 1 aggressiveness score, and 20 (18%) patients had a grade 2 aggressiveness score. The patients who had prostatic inflammation had a 1.65 times (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–2.61) greater likelihood of a high ISUP grade (grade ≥3) compared with the patients who did not have prostatic inflammation. The association between the ISUP grade and the aggressiveness grade of inflammation was more pronounced for a grade 2 aggressiveness score (n= 20; odds ratio 2.97; 95% CI 1.14–7.71). Conclusions: In prostate cancer patients with CAPNIHIV, there was a positive correlation between the inflammation aggressiveness grade and the ISUP grade. The aggressiveness of intraprostatic inflammation may be an important morphological factor affecting the Gleason score.

IntroductionThe aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic factors in radical cystectomy affecting survival.Material and methodsA total of 100 hundred patients were included in the study. Incontinent diversion was applied to 73 of these, and continent diversion to 27. Prospective and retrospective data of the patients were examined. The prognostic value for survival was evaluated for of lymph node involvement, tumor grade (low grade: grade 0-II, high grade: ≥ III or epidermoid carcinoma), tumor stage (low stage: stage pT0-2, high stage: stage ≥ 3a pT3a), presence of preoperative unilateral of bilateral hydronephrosis, presence of preoperative uremia (serum urea value: ≤ 60), and age (> 70 and ≤ 70 years of age) on survival were investigated. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Log-Rank statistical methods were used in the study.ResultsGrade, stage, uremia, and lymph node involvement had significant effects on survival (p values 0.0002, 0.03, 0.01, and 0.02, respectively). Presence of preoperative hydronephrosis and age had no statistically significant effects on survival (p values 0.8 and 0.2, respectively).ConclusionsTumor grade, tumor stage, preoperative uremia, and lymph node involvement are prognostic factors affecting survival. Advanced age and presence of preoperative hydronephrosis have no prognostic value for survival. The presence of uremia in the preoperative assessment of the patients is more important than hydronephrosis.