Our study provides evidence that MPV gradually increases in pregnant women affected by pre-eclampsia compared to women with normal pregnancies.

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We describe the color Doppler sonographic features of uterine arteriovenous malformations in two cases. In both cases color Doppler imaging demonstrated hypervascularity throughout the arteriovenous malformation. The dominance of pale shades during both systole and diastole represented low-impedance, high-velocity flow within the lesion and a colored mosaic pattern representing turbulent flow was noted. Spectral analysis of the vessels within the lesion confirmed high-velocity flow during both systole and diastole, and a low resistance index. The spectral waveform trace also showed spectral broadening consistent with turbulence and the spectral envelope was irregular. These findings indicated the presence of numerous arteriovenous shunts and marked turbulence within the arteriovenous malformation. Spectral analysis of the venous flow revealed high flow velocities and systolic velocity peaks similar to an arterial pattern. The uterine artery velocity waveforms were characterized by high flow velocity and a low resistance index. The diagnosis of uterine arteriovenous malformation was confirmed by histological examination in both cases. The findings of these two cases suggest that color Doppler sonography may play an important role in the diagnosis of uterine arteriovenous malformations.

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: As the rates of cesarean births have increased, the type of cesarean anesthesia has gained importance. Here, we aimed to compare the effects of general and spinal anesthesia on maternal and fetal outcomes in term singleton cases undergoing elective cesarean section. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective randomized controlled clinical trial in a tertiary-level public hospital. METHODS: Our study was conducted on 100 patients who underwent cesarean section due to elective indications. The patients were randomly divided into general anesthesia (n = 50) and spinal anesthesia (n = 50) groups. The maternal pre and postoperative hematological results, intra and postoperative hemodynamic parameters and perinatal results were compared between the groups. RESULTS: Mean bowel sounds (P = 0.036) and gas discharge time (P = 0.049) were significantly greater and 24 th hour hemoglobin difference values (P = 0.001) were higher in the general anesthesia group. The mean hematocrit and hemoglobin values at the 24 th hour (P = 0.004 and P < 0.001, respectively), urine volume at the first postoperative hour (P < 0.001) and median Apgar score at the first minute (P < 0.0005) were significantly higher, and the time that elapsed until the first requirement for analgesia was significantly longer (P = 0.042), in the spinal anesthesia group. CONCLUSION: In elective cases, spinal anesthesia is superior to general anesthesia in terms of postoperative comfort. In pregnancies with a risk of fetal distress, it would be appropriate to prefer spinal anesthesia by taking the first minute Apgar score into account. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: NTR17990 RESUMOCONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Como as taxas de partos cesáreos aumentaram, o tipo de anestesia na cesariana ganhou importância. Comparamos os efeitos da anestesia geral e da raquianestesia sobre os resultados maternos e fetais em casos de gestação única e no termo, com cesariana eletiva. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Ensaio clínico prospectivo, randomizado e controlado, em hospital público terciário. MÉTODOS: Estudo realizado com 100 pacientes que se submeteram a cesariana por indicação eletiva. As pacientes foram divididos aleatoriamente em grupos recebendo anestesia geral (n = 50) e raquianestesia (n = 50). Resultados maternos hematológicos pré e pós-operatórios, variáveis hemodinâmicas intra e pós-operatórias e resultados perinatais foram comparados entre os grupos. RESULTADOS: As médias de ruídos intestinais (P = 0,036) e tempo de descarga de gás (P = 0,049) foram significativamente mais elevadas e os valores de diferença de hemoglobina na 24 a hora (P = 0,001) foram maiores no grupo anestesia geral. Os valores médios de hematócrito e hemoglobina na 24 a hora (P = 0,004 e P < 0,001, respectivamente), o volume de urina na primeira hora de pós-operatório (P < 0,001) e a pontuação mediana de Apgar no primeiro minuto (P < 0,0005) foram significativamente maiores, e o tempo até o primeiro requerimento de analgésicos também foi significativamente maior (P = 0,042) no grupo raquianestesia. C...

Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional disorder in the world. Pregnant women are at especially high risk for iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. A considerable proportion of pregnant women in both developing and industrialized countries become anemic during pregnancy. The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women has remained unacceptably high worldwide despite the fact that routine iron supplementation during pregnancy has been almost universally recommended to prevent maternal anemia, especially in developing countries over the past 30 years. The major problem with iron supplementation during pregnancy is compliance. Despite many studies, the relationship between maternal anemia and adverse pregnancy outcome is unclear. However, there is now sufficient evidence that iron supplements increase hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels during pregnancy and also improve the maternal iron status in the puerperium, even in women who enter pregnancy with adequate iron stores. Recent information also suggests an association between maternal iron status in pregnancy and the iron status of infants postpartum. The necessity of routine iron supplementation during pregnancy has been debated in industrialized countries and routine supplementation is not universally practiced in all these countries. In view of existing data, however, routine iron supplementation during pregnancy seems to be a safe strategy to prevent maternal anemia in developing countries, where traditional diets provide inadequate iron and where malaria and other infections causing increased losses are endemic.