The purpose of this study was to investigate the leisure satisfaction levels of youth center members in Ankara, Bolu and Duzce, as well as the relationship between leisure satisfaction levels and some demographic features of the youth center members (i.e., gender, membership duration and usage frequency). The sample consisted of 371 youth center members (216 males, 155 females) from 3 different youth centers. The data were obtained by the "Leisure Satisfaction Scale (LSS). The results of this study indicated that there are significant differences between male and female groups in leisure satisfaction levels (p<.01). Also, there were significantly positive relationships between the membership duration, usage frequency and leisure satisfaction levels of youth center members.
ÖZETBu çalışmanın amacı, takım özdeşleşme düzeyi ile profesyonel futbol müsabakalarına seyirci olarak katılım kararını etkileyen faktörler arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir.Araştırmanın örneklemini en az bir kez Boluspor maçını seyretmeye giden 181 erkek Boluspor taraftarı oluşturmaktadır. Takım özdeşleşme düzeyine ilişkin veriler "Spor Taraftarı Özdeşleşme Ölçeği"( Günay ve Tiryaki ) ile toplanırken, spora katılım (seyirci olarak) kararına ilişkin veriler ise, "Seyirci Katılım Kararı Ölçeği (SKKÖ)" (Gencer ve Aycan) ile toplanmıştır.Sonuç olarak, takım özdeşleşme düzeyi ile profesyonel futbol müsabakalarına seyirci olarak katılım kararını etkileyen "taraftarı olunan takım", "rakip takım" ve "toplumsallaşma fırsatı" değişkenleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmaz iken, "müsabakanın cazibesi", "programın uygunluğu" ve "fiziksel çevre" değişkenleri arasında negatif yönde anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur Anahtar Kelimeler: Takım Özdeşleşme, Seyirci Katılım Kararı, Futbol. INVESTIGATION OVER THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE TEAM IDENTIFICATION LEVEL AND VARIABLES AFFECTING THE SPECTATOR DECISION TO ATTEND PROFESSIONAL SOCCER GAMES ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between the level of team identification level and variables affecting the spectator decision to attend professional soccer games.The sample used consisted of 181 male fun who participated to at least one games of Boluspor Football Club. The data related with team ıdentification level was collected by the "Sport Spectator Identification Scale" (Günay ve Tiryaki-) and the data related with variables affecting the decisions to attend the professional soccer games by the "Scale of Spectators' Decision to Attend" (Gencer ve Aycan ).Findings showed that no significant relationship was reached between the team identification level and " team supported", "opponent team" and "opportinity of socialization", which are the variables affecting the spectators' decision to attend professional soccer games. However "attraction of the competion", "appriopriateness of the schedule" and physical environment" have a negatif significant relationship with team ıdentification level.Key Words: Team Identification, Spectator Attendence, Soccer. GİRİŞÇağdaş toplumlarda, serbest zaman endüstrisinin önemli bir parçası olarak kabul edilen spor kavramı, toplum üzerindeki etkilerini her geçen gün arttırmasıyla toplumsal bir olgu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu olgu ise, seyirciler, aktif spor yapan bireyler, sponsorlar ve diğer unsurlardan oluşan spor endüstrisini temel almaktadır. Sporun farklı türdeki tüketicileri olan bu unsurlar içerisinde ise seyirciler ayrı bir öneme sahiptir. Shank (1999) "spor etkinliği spor endüstrisinin kalbiyse, spor seyircisi de bu kalbin atmasını sağlayan kandır" diyerek, seyircilerin sahip olduğu önemi belirtmiş ve spor endüstrisinin seyirciler olmadan varlığını sürdüremeyeceğini ileri sürmüştür (1).
Bu araştırmanın amacı Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi'nde (AİBÜ) Beşiktaş, Fenerbahçe, Galatasaray ve Trabzonspor öğrenci topluluklarının bakış açısıyla taraftarları futbolda şiddete yönelten etkenlerin neler olduğunu ortaya koymaktır. Bu araştırma nitel bir araştırmadır. Verilerin toplanmasında görüşme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler bireysel faktörler ve çevresel faktörler olarak iki bölümde sınıflandırılmıştır. Bireysel faktörler; demografik ve psikolojik karakteristikler (kişilik, eğitim düzeyi, ekonomik durum, psikolojik durum, kültürel özellikler, stadyumların stres atma yeri olarak görülmesi) ve taraftarlık düzeyi (kulübe olan aşırı sevgi ve bağlılık, kulüple özdeşleşme, sorumluluk hissi, taraftar egosu) temalarından oluşmaktadır. Çevresel faktörler ise saha içi unsurlar (futbolcu söylem ve davranışları, antrenör söylem ve davranışları, hakem kararları, güvenlik güçleri söylem ve davranışları, rakip ve kendi taraftar grubu, tribün liderlerinin söylem ve davranışları) ve saha dışı unsurlar (spor medyası, sosyal medya, spor yorumcularının söylem ve davranışları, spor kulübü yöneticilerinin söylem ve davranışları, Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu (TFF) kararları, siyasiler, aile ve yakın çevrenin söylem ve davranışları ve semt kültürü) temalarını kapsamaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Futbol, Şiddet, Taraftar Toplulukları, Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi 1 Bu çalışma 22-26 Mayıs 2015 tarihleri arasında Uluslararası Bilim, Kültür ve Spor Kongresinde poster bildiri olarak sunulmuştur. AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the factors which lead football fans to the violence from the point of view of AİBU student groups who are members of Beşiktaş, Fenerbahçe, Galatasaray and Trabzonspor. This research is a qualitative research. Interview method was used in data collection. Content analysis method was used to analyze the data. Obtained data were classified in two parts as individual and environmental (background) factors. Individual factors were categorized as demographic and physiologic characteristics (personality, education level, economic condition, physiologic condition and cultural features of individual and thinking of stadium as a place of letting off steam) and the degree of favorableness (excessive obedience and sympathy for the club, team identification, feeling of responsibility and ego of fans). Environmental factors were composed of in the field (footballer's discourse and behavior, trainers discourse and behavior, referees' decisions, security forces' discourse and behavior, fans of own team and rival team, tribune leaders' discourse and behavior) and outside of the field (sport media, social media, discourse and behaviors of sports commentators' and club managers, decisions of Turkish Football Federation, political agents, discourse and behaviors of family and inner circle and neighborhood culture) factors.
The purpose of this study is to investigate sport center members' perceived service quality levels with a view to Kano customer expectations and requirements model. To that end, a descriptive approach and a correlational research design featuring survey method is adopted. Research group consists of 680 (300 women, 380 men) sport center members who are chosed through multistage sampling (Cluster). "Sport Fitness Centers Perceived Service Quality Scale and Expectation Scale are used as data collection tools. Independent samples t-test, Pearson Correlation analysis and Multiple Linear Regression tests are used to analyzed the data. In the light of the findings, it is seen that all the subdimensions have medium or high level positive significant relationships with the expectation when the subdimensions of the expectation scale and the SFC-PSQS are compared.According to the results of the Independent Samples T-test, the expectation levels of the customers stating that the programme fee is expensive are significantly lower. In conclusion, as the customers' perception of service quality in the sport center increases, their expectation levels also generally increase significantly. The customers expect that the quality of service they receive to be high and to meet their expectations exceedingly. However, it is also predicted that physical and psychosocial factors affecting the expectation can also affect the perception of service quality at a significant level. Since the service quality and meeting the expectations of the customers is an important indicator to maintain the businesses' existence, studying with multiple factors attempting to understand the nature of service quality and the customer expectations should be conducted.
The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to assess the sport spectators' motives to watch sporting events. The sample group was composed of 415 students who were sampled through convenient sampling method.Initially, a literature review was done in the scale development process. Then, a semiconstructed qualitative interview was conducted with 12 groups (n=75). Based upon the data an item pool was formed and expert views were obtained accordingly. A pool with 113 items, in light of the feedbacks, was eventually reached ready. The items were divided into two groups. External factors were composed of 48 items and internal factors group included 65 items.According to the exploratory factor analysis, which was conducted for the 48 items composing the External Motivations for Sport Spectators Scale, 34 items were grouped under Özet
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