Background Information on the foot structures of Central Anatolian children is limited. Foot structures of children aged 6–10 years were shown to be different according to sex and increasing age. Objective This study aimed to compare the foot anthropometric values by age and sex and collect the foot anthropometric data to reveal the relationship between pes planus and pes cavus in the arches of children according to age. Methods Footprints of 335 children (180 boys and 155 girls) aged 6–10 years were taken by the pedigraph method and evaluated using 18 different parameters. The TFL (Truncated foot length), FL (foot length), Arch Index, Chippaux Smirak Index, Staheli Arc Index, and foot rotation values of the children were examined. To examine the relationship between the parameters, normality values were examined. Independent samples t-test was used to analyze sex differences in terms of foot size and shape. Results Correlations between other parameters were determined using the correlations analysis method. TFL, metatarsal circumference, and FL were strongly correlated with age in the children. Foot rotation increased with body mass index in the girls compared to that in the boys. According to the evaluation results with the classification made with the Staheli arch index, 63.3% pes planus, 9.8% pes cavus and 27.7% of the normal arch structure were identified. Conclusions Planning shoe production accordingly will contribute to the development of healthy feet in children. This article focused on foot structures of in Central Anatolia and to identify early foot deformities in children. This study found that the length of the TFL was smaller in boys than in girls.

OBJECTIVE: Finger splints are used as a treatment option in tendon, bone, and soft tissue injuries. For immobilization, custom-made splints and prefabricated finger splints are used. In splints made for immobilization, it is aimed to limit joint movement. The aim of our study is to reveal how much custom-made splints and prefabricated finger splints limit joint motion (flexion angle in proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints). METHODS: Custom-made splints and prefabricated finger splints were applied to the second fingers of the dominant side in a total of 40 individuals, 20 women and 20 men, not having any health problems. Individuals were asked to flex and joint motion was measured with the iPhone compass application. RESULTS: The mean distal interphalangeal joint angle values of the participants measured by prefabricated finger splints were found to be 24.27±8.29, and the mean distal interphalangeal joint angle values measured by custom-made splints was 0.52±1.50. There was a difference between the participants' distal interphalangeal joint angle values measured by prefabricated finger splints and custom-made splints (p<0.001). distal interphalangeal joint angle values measured with custom-made splints were significantly smaller than those measured with prefabricated finger splint. The mean of the participants' proximal interphalangeal joint angle values measured by prefabricated finger splints was 16.55±7.90, and the proximal interphalangeal joint angle values measured by custom-made splints was "0" for all participants. There was a difference between the participants' proximal interphalangeal joint angle values measured by prefabricated finger splints and custom-made splints (p<0.001). Distal interphalangeal joint angle values measured with custom-made splints were significantly smaller than those measured with prefabricated finger splints. CONCLUSION: According to our study, custom-made splints can significantly reduce the flexion of the finger interphalangeal joints compared to prefabricated finger splints.

Background: Information on the foot structures of Central Anatolian children is limited. Foot structures of children aged 6−10 years were shown to be different according to sex and increasing age.Objective: This study aimed to compare the foot anthropometric values by age and sex and collect the foot anthropometric data to reveal the relationship between pes planus and pes cavus in the arches of children according to age.Methods: Footprints of 335 children (180 boys and 155 girls) aged 6−10 years were taken by the foot-print method and evaluated using 18 different parameters. To examine the relationship between the parameters, normality values were examined. Independent samples t-test was used to analyze sex differences in terms of foot size and shape.Results: Correlations between other parameters were determined using the correlations analysis method. TFL (Truncated foot length), metatarsal circumference, and foot length were strongly correlated with age in the children. Foot rotation increased with body mass index in the girls compared to that in the boys.Conclusions: Planning shoe production accordingly will contribute to the development of healthy feet in children. This article focused on foot structures of in Central Anatolia and to identify early foot deformities in children. This study found that the length of the TFL was smaller in boys than in girls.

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Albeit some studies have revealed the effectiveness of the orthosis use in infantile tibia vara (ITV), hitherto no study has shown the effects of these orthosis on plantar pressures. This study aims to reveals the effects of orthosis on plantar pressure in infantile tibia vara. Fourteen children (mean age: 27.14 ± 5.00 months) with infantile tibia vara made up the study group and 14 healthy children (mean age: 26.42 ± 5.33 months) constituted the control group. The plantar pressure distribution was evaluated with WALKINSENSE. ITV group was evaluated before and after orthosis. The control group did not use orthosis and was evaluated once. After orthosis, it was determined that lateral foot pressure decreased, and medial foot pressure increased in the hindfoot. After orthosis, medial pressure decreased in the forefoot (p < 0.05). The pressure in the forefoot of the control group was significantly higher than that in the ITV group (before and after orthosis) (p < 0.05). After orthosis, the pressure was similar in the posterior and mid-foot sensors between the ITV group and the control group (p˃0.05). The orthosis can be effective in achieving the normalization of the soles pressure distribution in children with ITV.