Introduction:Orthopedic Trauma exerts a holistic influence on survivors' physical health including a range of mental health problems which interfere with survivors' recovery. Psychiatric disorders and behavioral disturbances are reported to be 3-5 times more common among people with injuries and are predictor of poor outcome and ongoing disability. Therefore, assessing depression and anxiety among orthopedic trauma patients play a vital role in implementing further interventions. Methods:Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital from May 29-June 30, 2017. Hospital anxiety and depression scale was used to assess anxiety and depression by using face to face interview. Systematic sampling technique was used to select a total of 407 participants. Data has been analyzed using SPSS 20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was done to identify associated factors. Variables with p-value <0.05 have been considered as statistically significant.Result: Prevalence of depression and anxiety were 36.1% and 39.8% respectively. Being female (AOR=2.3595%CI (1.48,3.72)), poor social support (AOR=2.5195%CI (1.30,4.85)), developing complication (AOR=1.9195%CI (1.07,3.52)), presence of amputation (AOR=3 .6495%CI (1.60,8.24)) and having pain (AOR=2.0295%CI (1.24,3.30)) for depression and being female (AOR=1.9995%CI(1.11,3.57)), having chronic medical illness (AOR=3.0795%CI(1.36,6.92)), having family history of mental illness (AOR=2.24 95%CI (1.05,5.4.91)), lower extremity injury (AOR=2.93 95%CI (1.38,6.21)) and having severe pain (AOR=2.75 95%CI (1.32,5.74)) for anxiety had significant association at p-value <0.05.Conclusion: prevalence of depression and anxiety were high. Being female, having poor social support, developing complication, presence of amputation and having pain for depression; and being female, having chronic medical illness, having family history of mental illness, lower extremity injury and having severe pain for anxiety were significantly associated factors. It is good if clinicians give emphasis for orthopedic patients especially for females and with chronic medical illness.
Background. Depression is one of the most serious and prevalent mental illnesses that can result in serious disability and ending life by committing suicide and homicide. The risks of having depression are substantially higher in persons who have parental neglect when compared to the general population. Objective. To detect prevalence of depression and its association with parental neglect among adolescents in governmental high schools at Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019. Method. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Aksum town high schools. A simple random sampling technique was applied. Data was collected with face-to-face interview. Data was analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Science version 22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were done. Adjusted odds ratio at a p value < 0.05 with 95% confidence interval was taken to declare statistical significance of variables. Result. A total of 624 students were asked to participate with a response rate of 99.05%. Prevalence of depression was found to be 36.2%. Depression among adolescents was found to have significant and strong association with parental neglect (AOR=2.61, 95% CI 1.83, 3.72). Conclusion and Recommendation. In the current study, the prevalence of depression is found to be high when compared to other populations. Significant and strong association is also determined between parental neglect and depression. It is good if teachers give emphasis for those students who seem psychologically unwell. It is good if Aksum University comprehensive hospital starts a campaign which will teach about the effect of parental neglect on the adolescents’ mental health.
Introduction. The impact of risky sexual practice on the general health of adolescents is enormous; little attention has been given on identification and intervention plans. Therefore, the aim of this study was to find the magnitude of risky sexual behavior and associated factors among adolescents aged 15-19 years in high schools at Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at governmental high schools of Aksum town. We recruited a total of 659 adolescents aged 15-19 years by using a systematic random sampling technique. Data was collected with a face-to-face interview. An Amharic version of the sexual risk behavior scale was used to measure risky sexual behaviors. The patient health questionnaire 9, the Oslo-3 social support scale, and an adverse childhood experience questionnaire were used to assess the factors. The coded data were entered into EpiData v.4.1 and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were done. An adjusted odds ratio at a p value < 0.05 with 95% confidence interval was taken to declare statistical significance. Result. A total of 644 students have participated with a response rate of 97.7%. The prevalence of risky sexual behavior among adolescents aged 15-19 years was found to be 17.2%. Factors like poor social support (AOR=5.59, 95% CI: 2.71-11.53), living out of family (AOR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.21-3.07), experiencing parental neglect (AOR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.18-2.94), and drinking alcohol (AOR=2.55, 95% CI: 1.55-4.20) were statistically associated with risky sexual behavior. Conclusion and Recommendations. The prevalence of risky sexual behavior was found to be alarming among adolescents of high school aged 15-19 years. This can significantly affect health quality in the community and the country at large. We recommend setting strategies that are against the determining factors of risky sexual behavior; the control of alcoholic beverages among adolescents aged 15-19 years must be enhanced, and awareness creation must be made regarding its unpleasant consequences.
Introduction: Suicidal behavior is the act of intentionally causing one's own death. Being in correctional institution is continues to be associated with an under-recognized risk for suicidal behavior. The increased risk of suicidal behavior in correctional institution is because of several factors including prison related, psychiatric disorders and substance use related factors are believed to be associated.Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of suicidal behavior among prisoners in Jimma town correctional institution; South West Ethiopia 2017.Methods: An Institutional based cross-sectional study design was employing among 336 prisoners in Jimma town correctional institution in 2017. Systematic random sampling technique was used. A structured pretested SBQ-R questioner was used and the data was collected with face to face interview. Data was entered in to Epi-data version 3.1, and then exported in to SPSS version 21.0 statistical package for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were carried to examine the association between independent and dependent variables. Adjusted odds ratio at a p-value<0.05 with 95% CI was declared statistically significant. Results:The overall prevalence of suicidal behaviors was found to be 23.2%. Age group between 25-34 years (AOR=2.47,95% CI: 1.307,4. 655), being unemployed (AOR=2.13, 95% CI: 1.175,3.849), current comorbid depression (AOR=2.13, 95%CI: 1.203,3.762), current poor level of social support (AOR=2.95, 95% CI:1.107,7.882) and history of previous incarceration (AOR=3.04, 95% CI: 1.247,7.418), were associated with suicidal behavior among prisoners in Jimma town correctional institution. Conclusion and recommendations:In this study suicidal behavior was found to be high among prisoners. Therefore attention should be given to prisoners through prison health services in early screening and treatment particularly for those who are on younger age group, unemployed, prisoners with co morbid depressive disorders, having poor social support and previous incarceration.In a study conducted at New South Wales Australia correctional institution, the lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts were found to be 34% and 21% respectively. The twelve month prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt were also reported to be 9.1% and 2.5% respectively. There was no gender difference in terms of prevalence of suicidal ideation; however, women were significantly more likely than men to report a lifetime suicide attempt (28.7% vs. 19.9%, p=0.03) [10]. The prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt in Australia among young prisoners were 16% and 3.6% respectively [11]. Similarly in UK and Dutch the lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts were reported to be 82% and 54% respectively [12].Kent State University at United States of America reported the lifetime prevalence of suicide ideation among adolescents in Juvenile detention which was reported to be 19.0% and suicide attempt to be 11.9% [13]. In addition suicidal ideation and attempt were tri...
Background depression is one of the most serious and prevalent mental illnesses that can result in serious disability and ending life by committing suicide and homicide. The risks of having depression are substantially higher in persons who have parental neglect when compared to the general population. Objective To detect prevalence of depression and its association with parental neglect among adolescents in governmental high schools at Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia 2019 Method A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1-30/2019 at Aksum town high schools. Public health questionnaire was used in this study to detect Depression. Study participants were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected with face to face interview. Data was analyzed using statistical package for social science version 22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to see the association between depression and parental neglect. Adjusted Odds ratio at a p-value <0.05 with 95% confidence interval was taken to declare statistical significance of variables. Result A total of 624 students were participated in the study yielding a response rate of 99.05%. Prevalence of depression was found to be 36.2%. Depression among adolescents was found to have significant and strong association with parental neglect ((AOR=2.61, 95% CI (1.83, 3.72), p-value=0.000). Conclusion and recommendation In the current study the prevalence of depression is found to be high when compared to other population. Significant and strong association is also determined between parental neglect and depression. It is good if school teachers give emphasize for those students who seems psychologically unwell. It is better if school teachers exercise linking such students to school psychologists. It is good to conduct prospective cohort study to investigate temporal relationship between factors and depression. It is good if Aksum university comprehensive hospital start campaign which will teach about the effect of parental neglect on the adolescent’s mental health. Key words: Depression, high school, parental neglect
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