OBJECTIVE:Studies on the use of wideband tympanometry (WBT) for the evaluation of middle ear pathologies have been increasing gradually in recent years. However, studies regarding normative data of WBT are not sufficient. The aim of this study was to determine normative values of WBT for different age groups in Turkish population. MATERIALS and METHODS:One hundred fifty volunteers from five age-related groups were included in this study. Values of resonance frequency (RF), absorbance percentage according to frequency, maximum absorbance ratio, and maximum absorbance frequency were obtained using WBT.Measurements were recorded at a pressure of 0 decapascal (daPa) using a sound stimulus given at 90±3 decibel sound pressure level (dB SPL). RESULTS:The RF was detected to be significantly lower only in the group of subjects in the age range of 0-1 month. The absorbance value at 250 Hz was detected to be significantly higher in the age groups of 0-1 month and 1 month-2 years than in the other groups. CONCLUSION:We believe that the findings obtained in this study would be helpful in determining normative data regarding WBT; by the determination of this normative data, the clinical use of WBT would become widespread.

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OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the satisfaction with life among mothers of pediatric cochlear implant candidates regarding implant surgery and sociodemographic factors. MATERIALS and METHODS:Mothers of 160 pediatric patients with profound sensorineural hearing loss who underwent unilateral cochlear implant surgery were included. A questionnaire form with items on sociodemographic-familial characteristics and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) was employed via face-to-face interview method before and 12 months after the implant surgery. RESULTS:The SWLS scores significantly improved after the implant surgery [from 19.1 (7.0) to 28.9 (4.0), p<0.000]. Being unemployed vs. employed [17.9 (6.9) vs. 24.0 (5.3), p=0.000], having another child with hearing disability [13.5 (5.7) vs. 19.7 (6.9), p=0.001], younger (12-24 months) vs. older (>24 months) age of the child at the time of implant surgery [7.1 (0.4) vs. 19.7 (6.6), p=0.001], absence vs. presence of regular follow-up visits [13.0 (0.0) vs. 19.4 (7.1), p=0.002], and presence vs. absence of change in social life after the diagnosis of disease [17.3 (6.5) vs. 20.9 (7.1), p=0.001] were associated with significantly lower SWLS scores among mothers. SWLS scores were positively correlated with patient's age at the time of implant surgery (r=0.206, p=0.009), whereas negatively correlated with the number of household members (r=−0.406, p=0.000) and number of children (r=−0.310, p=0.000). CONCLUSION:In conclusion, our findings revealed the association of cochlear implantation with a significant increase in mother's life satisfaction, despite the unemployment, presence of another child with hearing disability, and crowded household. Our findings emphasize on the consideration of family systems with special attention to mother's emotional experiences and occupational competence in the intervention programs.

In conclusion, our findings indicate that anatomic variations are not rare in the course of lower CNs within the neck in relation to adjacent structures, and awareness of these variations together with knowledge of distance to certain anatomic landmarks may help the surgeon to identify lower CNs during neck surgery and prevent potential nerve injuries.

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Purpose: To investigate the benefit of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in predicting early postoperative periorbital edema and ecchymosis in patients undergoing primary septorhinoplasty. Methods: Sixty patients in ASA-I (American Society of Anesthesiologists) who were scheduled for elective primary septorhinoplasty were prospectively included in the study. Periorbital edema and ecchymosis levels of the patients were scored on the postoperative second day. The relationship between early postoperative periorbital edema and ecchymosis levels and preoperative neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet, NLR, and PLR values were investigated. Results: The mean age of the 60 patients was 24.05 ± 6.83 years. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the total periorbital edema scores in both eyes on the second day after surgery. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of neutrophil, platelet, and NLR (P > 0.05). In addition, the lymphocyte count was found to be statistically significantly lower and PLR significantly higher in the group with high edema scores (P < 0.05). When the patients were divided into groups according to their periorbital ecchymosis scores, no significant correlation was found between any blood values and periorbital ecchymosis (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Preoperative PLR may be used to predict early postoperative periorbital edema in patients undergoing primary rhinoplasty. However, a blood value that can predict periorbital ecchymosis has not been determined yet.

The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles stated in the ''Declaration of Helsinki'' and approved by the institutional ethics committee. Written informed consent was obtained from each patient following a detailed explanation of the objectives and protocol of the study which was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles stated in the ''Declaration of Helsinki'' and approved by the institutional ethics committee. The permission was obtained from the institutional ethics committee for the use of patient data for publication purposes.