PurposeTo compare the critical shoulder angle (CSA), acromion index (AI), acromion angulation (AA) and glenoid version angle (GVA) between patients with full‐thickness rotator cuff tears (RCTs) and patients with intact rotator cuffs. MethodsBetween 2014 and 2018, the CSA, AI, AA and GVA were measured in consecutively included patients aged > 40 years who underwent shoulder arthroscopy for full‐thickness RCTs. A total of 437 patients with RCTs and a mean age of 51.2 years (± 5.8) were included, 35.7% of whom were male. In the control group, there were n = 433 patients (36.3% male) with an intact rotator cuff, and the mean age was 50.7 years (± 5.3). ResultsThe mean AI for the RCT group was 0.7 ± 0.1, which was significantly higher than the mean AI for the control group (0.6 ± 0.1, p < 0.001). The mean CSA for the RCT group was 33.6° ± 3.9°, which was significantly higher than the mean CSA for the control group (31.5° ± 4°, p < 0.001). The mean AA for the RCT group was 13.9° ± 9°, which was significantly higher than the mean AA for the control group (12.4 ± 8.6, p = 0.012). The mean GVA for the RCT group was − 3.5° ± 4.6° and significantly retroverted compared with the mean GVA for the control group (− 2.2° ± 4.6°, p < 0.001). The cutoff values determined by the ROC curve analyses were as follows: 0.6 for AI, 31.4° for CSA, 9.6° for AA and − 2.6° for GVA. ConclusionThe CSA, AI, GVA and AA values measured by MRI were determined to be significantly related to full‐thickness rotator cuff ruptures. The AI, CSA, AA and GVA may be considered risk factors for degenerative rotator cuff tears. Assessing the CSA, AI, GVA and AA can be helpful for diagnostic evaluation of patients with full‐thickness RCTs. Level of evidenceIII.

Objective: To investigate the etiology of menstrual disorders among patients undergoing hemodialysis due to chronic renal failure by assessing menstrual history, serum hormone levels and other biochemical factors. Material and methods: Thirty patients undergoing hemodialysis and 30 healthy women at reproductive age were enrolled in our study. Demographic characteristics, hormonal and biochemical data, sonographically measured endometrial thickness values of the subjects were compared. In addition, the present and the pre-hemodialysis menstrual pattern of the patients undergoing hemodialysis were recorded. The hormonal, hematological and biochemical data of the patients were compared according to their menstrual patterns. Results: No statistical significance was seen between age, BMI, gravida, parity, abortion and curettage among groups (p>0.05). Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were significantly lower in the hemodialysis group than in the control (p<0.05). Although serum FSH levels were higher and estradiol levels were lower in the hemodialysis group, these differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Mean serum LH and prolactin levels were significantly higher in the hemodialysis group compared to the control (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was noted for endometrial thickness between the groups (p>0.05). Serum LH and prolactin levels were higher and serum FSH, estradiol and TSH levels were lower in patients who developed amenorrhea after hemodialysis treatment when compared to non-amenorrheic subjects. However, these differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Discussion: The most important factor in the etiology of menstrual disorders seen in chronic renal failure patients was high serum LH and prolactin levels. Hemodialysis is a successful treatment that extends life expectancy and ameliorates the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis in chronic renal failure patients.

The presence of the appendix in an inguinal hernia sac has been referred to as Amyand's hernia. Vermiform appendix located in an external hernia sac is not an uncommon condition, and the incidence of these cases is approximately 1%. In Amyand's hernias, appendices are frequently found in the hernia sac; but an incarceration particularly on the left side is a very unusual sight. In this report we present 32-year-old male with Amyand's hernia on the left side.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract